Table 2.

Gene ontology analyses of the significantly up-regulated genes in the HDF old cells treated with TPA for 8 h and 24 h, based on the DMSO control, obtained by RNA sequencing.

		Term	Count	P-value
TPA 8 h vs. 0 h in old HDFs (up-regulation)	GOTERM_BP_FAT	GO:0042127∼regulation of cell proliferation	13	0.002404
		GO:0008284∼positive regulation of cell proliferation	8	0.011902
		GO:0051726∼regulation of cell cycle	6	0.048291
		GO:0040007∼growth	5	0.02407
		GO:0010628∼positive regulation of gene expression	8	0.058907
		GO:0045893∼positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent	7	0.066019
		GO:0031328∼positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process	12	0.002474
		GO:0043069∼negative regulation of programmed cell death	10	2.86E-04
		GO:0006916∼anti-apoptosis	7	0.001457
		GO:0006469∼negative regulation of protein kinase activity	7	1.31E-05
		GO:0043407∼negative regulation of MAP kinase activity	5	6.07E-05
		GO:0006954∼inflammatory response	8	0.003291
		GO:0006955∼immune response	11	0.007953
	GOTERM_MF_FAT	GO:0005125∼cytokine activity	10	2.54E-04
		GO:0008083∼growth factor activity	7	0.055948
		GO:0004175∼endopeptidase activity	8	0.639307
	GOTERM_CC_FAT	GO:0005615∼extracellular space	17	1.17E-06
		GO:0044421∼extracellular region part	19	5.18E-06
		GO:0005576∼extracellular region	27	2.46E-05
	KEGG_PATHWAY	hsa04060:Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction	9	2.51E-04
		hsa04630:Jak-STAT signaling pathway	6	0.003358
TPA 24 h vs. 0 h in old HDFs (up-regulation)	GOTERM_BP_FAT	GO:0006874∼cellular calcium ion homeostasis	4	0.021492
		GO:0008544∼epidermis development	4	0.021799
		GO:0006875∼cellular metal ion homeostasis	4	0.025678
		GO:0030005∼cellular di-, tri-valent inorganic cation homeostasis	4	0.037309
	GOTERM_MF_FAT	GO:0005125∼cytokine activity	4	0.028158
		GO:0004857∼enzyme inhibitor activity	6	0.002098
		GO:0030414∼peptidase inhibitor activity	5	0.001745
	GOTERM_CC_FAT	GO:0005576∼extracellular region	24	1.65E-07
	KEGG_PATHWAY	hsa04630:Jak-STAT signaling pathway	3	0.054783