Gravin-V5/His expression alters subcellular PKA activity. AN3 CA cells were
co-transfected with gravin-V5/His and AKAR3 constructs containing targeting sequences for
non-raft membrane (CAAX), membrane raft (Lck), or cytosolic (NES) localization.
Representative fluorescent images show the distribution the AKAR3 constructs. Expression
of gravin increased forskolin-stimulated PKA activity in both non-raft (A,B), and raft
(C,D) targeted AKAR3 constructs. Conversely, gravin reduced PKA activity in the cytosol
(E,F). Mann-Whitney Rank Sum tests revealed significant differences between treatments as
indicated by asterisks (p < 0.05); error bars denote SD. Scale bar = 10
μm.