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. 2016 Mar 17;14:20. doi: 10.1186/s12951-016-0168-y

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© Vasquez et al. 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — a Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) modified with luciferase (Luc + MNP) were observed as 1.5–2 µm aggregates under PBS and dried sample conditions. b MNP-CA and c Luc + MNP bound at different locations (head and tail) onto spermatozoa. d Spermatozoa incubated in PBS show no particles or aggregates. Arrows indicate MNP locations and scale bars correspond to 5 µm