Table 1.
Demographic, clinical characteristics and polysomnographic parameters in patients according to the presence of OSAS and its severity
| Parameters | Non-OSAS | Mild/moderate OSAS | Severe OSAS | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects, n | 178 | 170 | 192 | |
| Male gender, n (%) | 107 (60.1) | 115 (67.6) | 164 (85.4)*,† | <0.001 |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 58.4 ± 14.4 | 58.6 ± 13.6 | 55.9 ± 15.0 | 0.140 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 23.2 ± 3.4 | 25.4 ± 3.5‡ | 28.1 ± 5.4‡,§ | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 129.1 ± 20.2 | 135.6 ± 19.8‡ | 138.7 ± 18.7‡ | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 84.7 ± 10.9 | 88.1 ± 10.2‡ | 92.2 ± 11.3‡,§ | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 97 (54.5) | 109 (64.1) | 153 (79.7)*,† | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 10 (5.6) | 22 (12.9) | 46 (24.0)*,† | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 64 (36.0) | 78 (45.9) | 103 (53.7)* | 0.003 |
| Elevated ALT, n (%) | 18 (10.1) | 17 (10.0) | 47 (24.5)*,† | <0.001 |
| Elevated AST, n (%) | 15 (8.4) | 7 (4.1) | 23 (12.0)† | 0.026 |
| Elevated GGT, n (%) | 44 (24.7) | 52 (30.6) | 94 (49.0)*,† | <0.001 |
| Elevated liver enzymes, n (%) | 50 (28.1) | 55 (32.4) | 98 (51.0)*,† | <0.001 |
| ESS, mean ± SD | 6.1 ± 4.8 | 7.1 ± 4.7 | 10.1 ± 5.8‡,§ | <0.001 |
| AHI (events/h), mean ± SD | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 15.3 ± 7.4‡ | 57.0 ± 19.0‡,§ | <0.001 |
| L-SaO2 (%), mean ± SD | 89.0 ± 13.8 | 84.9 ± 5.5‡ | 74.3 ± 12.0‡,§ | <0.001 |
| TS90% (%), mean ± SD | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 3.7 ± 1.4 | 22.5 ± 3.0‡,§ | <0.001 |
| ODI (episodes/h), mean ± SD | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 12.9 ± 8.0‡ | 52.4 ± 33.0‡,§ | <0.001 |
*Compared with non-OSAS, P<0.05; †Compared with mild/moderate OSAS, P<0.05; ‡Compared with non-OSAS, P<0.05; §Compared with mild/moderate OSAS, P<0.05. OSAS: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome; BMI: Body mass index; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale; AHI: Apnea-hypopnea index; L-SaO2: The lowest SaO2; TS90%: Percentage of total time with oxygen saturation level <90%; ODI: Oxygen desaturation index.