Table 2. Potential pathways for infection of horses for export of AHSV from South Africa.

Pathway	Description
Pathway 1	Infected in first 12 days of residency period, subject to two effective PCRs prior to export, prior to entering PEQ and immediately prior to export. Excluded for scenarios including PAQ, as horses infected via Pathway 1 no longer infectious.
Pathway 2	Infected in last 12 days before entry to PEQ, subject to one effective PCR immediately prior to export (PCR prior to entering PEQ ineffective due to timing). May be detected by PCR during PAQ, where applicable.
Pathway 3	Infected in first 7 days of quarantine, subject to one effective PCR immediately prior to export, not detected by vector surveillance. May be detected by PCR during PAQ, where applicable.
Pathway 4	Infected in last 9 days of quarantine, one PCR prior to export ineffective due to timing, not detected by vector surveillance. May be detected by PCR during PAQ, where applicable.
Pathway 5	Infected during trans-shipment at airport, no PCR or vector surveillance prior to export. May be detected by PCR during PAQ, where applicable.

PCR, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay; PEQ, pre-export quarantine; PAQ, Post-arrival quarantine.