Table 1.

Specific alterations in myocardial structure, function and intramyocardial signalling demonstrated in HFpEF patients

Structural alterations	Functional alterations	Intramyocardial signalling alterations
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy	Increased cardiomyocyte stiffness	Endothelial cells expressing adhesion molecules
Interstitial fibrosis	Impaired cardiomyocyte relaxation	Inflammatory cells secreting TGF-β
Capillary rarefaction		Oxidative stress increasing nitrotyrosine content
		Downregulation of myocardial cGMP-PKG signalling