Table 3.
Biochemical characterization of the exploratory cohort of 10 control and 10 dandruff-affected individuals
| Control cohort | Dandruff-affected cohort | Statistical analysis (p) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Between groups | Intra-individual | |||||
| Non-dandruff (ND) | Non-dandruff zone (NDZ) | Dandruff zone (DZ) | ND versus NDZ | ND versus DZ | NDZ versus DZ | |
| Cholesterol (µg/mg lipids) | 9.6 (7.7–12.2) | 8.6 (6.5–12.3) | 9.2 (7.5–14.1) | 0.65 | 0.94 | 0.23 |
| Squalene (µg/mg lipids) | 203.3 (186.9–227.2) | 214.1 (193.3–218.6) | 170.4 (156.4–211.1) | 0.82 | 0.08 | <0.05 |
| SQOOH (ng/mg lipids) | 309.7 (274.3–451.6) | 371.5 (302.0–598.0) | 591.0 (440.0– 800.0) | 0.41 | <0.05 | <0.05 |
| Ratio SQOOH/SQ (ng/µg) | 1.7 (1.2–2.2) | 1.8 (1.5–2.6) | 3.6 (2.5–5.6) | 0.36 | <0.02 | <0.01 |
| MDA (ng/mg proteins) | 7.5 (6.2–9.1) | 7.4 (6.2–8.2) | 9.8 (8.7–13.2) | 0.65 | 0.07 | <0.02 |
| Catalase (UI/mg proteins) | 2.9 (2.6–4.1) | 2.9 (2.0–6.4) | 3.7 (2.4–4.4) | 0.88 | 0.76 | 0.23 |
| Vit. E (ng/mg proteins) | 53.1 (43.2–96.4) | 55.1 (33.7–73.9) | 66.7 (44.4–92.1) | 0.82 | 0.60 | <0.05 |
| Total free fatty acids (µg/mg lipids) | 376.7 (345.1–447.5) | 477.7 (378.5–526.3) | 419.2 (339.8–479.6) | 0.13 | 0.60 | 0.49 |
| Total bound fatty acids (µg/mg lipids) | 206.3 (170.0–301.6) | 141.8 (125.3–185.1) | 178.2 (129.1–235.5) | 0.06 | 0.50 | 0.05 |
| Ratio bound/free fatty acids (%) | 53.5 (34.7–67.4) | 32.3 (23.8–47.0) | 39.3 (21.6–87.4) | 0.06 | 0.45 | <0.01 |
| Ratio free C16:0/C16:1∆6 | 2.9 (2.7–3.5) | 3.0 (2.8–3.2) | 3.3 (2.9–3.4) | 0.71 | 0.26 | 0.08 |
| Ratio bound C16:0/C16:1∆6 | 2.2 (1.9–2.6) | 2.1 (1.7–2.5) | 2.3 (2.0–3.5) | 0.45 | 0.55 | 0.08 |
| Ratio free C18:0/C18:1∆9 | 9.5 (8.2–12.5) | 6.8 (6.6–8.2) | 6.6 (5.2–7.9) | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.19 |
| Ratio bound C18:0/C18:1∆9 | 11.6 (10.1–13.2) | 10.0 (9.0–11.8) | 9.5 (7.2–9.9) | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.63 |
The amounts of each lipid are expressed in relation to the total amount of extracted lipids. MDA, catalase and vitamin E amounts are expressed in relation to the total amount of collected proteins. Ratios are either without units or expressed as percentages. Values described are medians (interquartile range), with p values which are only exact for comparisons between groups. Significant p values are bolded
C16:0 palmitic acid, C16:1Δ6 sapienic acid, C18:0 stearic acid, and C18:1Δ9 oleic acid