Fig. 6.

Pretreatment with NF-κB or IκB inhibitors prevents neuronostatin-induced proglucagon mRNA expression. Mouse pancreatic αTC1-9 clone cells were incubated for 48 h and then changed to low glucose media overnight. Cells were then pretreated with NF-κB inhibitor [(E)-2-fluoro-4′-methoxystilbene] (A), IκB inhibitor (wedelolactone) (B) or DMSO for 30 min at the concentrations indicated. Neuronostatin (100 nM) or saline vehicle were added to the media for 4 h. Cells were lysed, RNA was isolated, cDNA was generated, and mRNA levels were determined by quantitative PCR. Proglucagon mRNA levels were normalized to those of the housekeeping gene GAPDH. Significance compared with vehicle-treated controls was determined by the Mann Whitney U-test for nonparametric data. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Significance between groups #P < 0.05.