Table 4.
Determinants of prediabetes in adults in rural and urban Bangladesh
| Value label | Unadjusted | Adjusted (model 1)a | Adjusted (Model 2)a | Adjusted (Model 3)a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR ( 95 % CI) | p value | OR ( 95 % CI) | p value | OR ( 95 % CI) | p value | OR ( 95 % CI) | p value | |
| Age | ||||||||
| 20–39 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 40–59 | 1.3 (0.9–1.8 | 0.110 | 1.6 (1.1–2.2) | 0.006 | 1.6 (1.1–2.2) | 0.010 | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 0.012 |
| 60/above | 1.8 (0.7–4.7) | 0.225 | 2.1 (0.8–5.6) | 0.161 | 2.0 (0.7–5.5) | 0.169 | 1.8 (0.7–4.9) | 0.249 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Female | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | 0.170 | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | 0.046 | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | 0.096 | 1.7 (1.2–2.5) | 0.008 |
| Area | ||||||||
| Rural | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Urban | 2.01(1.47–2.72) | 0.000 a | 1.4 (0.8–2.2) | 0.220 | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 0.205 | 1.5 (0.9–2.5) | 0.114 |
| Education | ||||||||
| Illiterate | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Primary | 1.3 (0.8–2.2) | 0.236 | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.328 | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 0.361 | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.320 |
| Secondary | 2.1 (1.4–3.1) | 0.001 | 1.7 (1.0–2.8) | 0.034 | 1.6 (1.0–2.7) | 0.047 | 1.7 (1.1–2.8) | 0.028 |
| Post-secondary | 2.2 (1.4–3.5) | 0.001 | 1.8 (0.9–3.3) | 0.068 | 1.7 (0.9–3.2) | 0.079 | 1.8 (0.9–3.3) | 0.064 |
| Income (Taka/month)b | ||||||||
| Low: ≤6,000 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Medium: 6,001–12,000 | 1.8 (1.2–2.6) | 0.003 | 1.3 (0.8–1.9) | 0.298 | 1.3 (0.8–1.9) | 0.284 | 1.3 (0.8–1.9) | 0.286 |
| High: >12,000 | 2.1 (1.5–3.1) | 0.000 | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.738 | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | 0.761 | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | 0.711 |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | ||||||||
| Normal (18.50–24.99 kg/m2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Underweight (≤18.49 kg/m2) | 0.6 (0.4–1.03) | 0.067 | .8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.298 | ||||
| Overweight (≥25 kg/m2) | 1.8 (1.3–2.5) | 0.000 | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | 0.073 | ||||
| Waist Circumference | ||||||||
| Normal (<0.90 M,<0.85 F) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Abbdominally Obese (≥0.90 M, ≥0.85 F) | 2.2 (1.6–3.0) | 0.000 | 1.7 (1.2–2.4) | 0.006 | ||||
| Waist-to-Hip ratio | ||||||||
| Normal ( WC <90 cm M, WC <80 cm F) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| High (WC ≥ 90 cm M, WC ≥ 80 cm F) | 1.9 (1.4–2.6) | 0.000 | 1.6 (1.2–2.3) | 0.005 | ||||
| Physical Activity | ||||||||
| High ≥150 min/week) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Low (<150 min/week) | 1.5 (1.0–2.0) | 0.028 | 1.1 (0.7–1.7) | 0.567 | 1.1 (0.4–1.2) | 0.564 | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 0.455 |
aThree separate models for three different adiposity indicators, BMI, Waist Circumference and Waist to Hip Ratio as they are highly correlated and essentially indicate body fatness
bBangladesh Taka 76 = USD 1.00