Figure 2.

Boxplots showing the response of morphological traits to manipulation of adults in the larval environment. Larvae were kept at a standard density in the presence or absence of adult males in the culture vials. Each experiment was replicated in 2 independent blocks. Morphological traits measured (in millimeter) were (a) body size (L3 wing vein length), (b) testis perimeter, and (c) AG perimeter. The data for testis and AG size are absolute values uncorrected for body size. White bars indicate low competition environments (no adult males present in culture vials); gray bars high competition environments (adult males present in culture vials).