Figure 3.

Boxplots showing the response of mating duration to manipulation of larval and adult environments. To manipulate cues of future RC, larvae were kept at low or high density (20 vs. 200 larvae per vial; a and b) or at a standard density in the presence or absence of adult males (c and d). To manipulate cues of RC in the adult environment, males were held during adulthood in isolation (white bars) or with another male (gray bars) for 4 days prior to the mating tests with virgin females during which mating duration (minutes) was recorded. Each experiment was replicated in 2 independent blocks (block 1, a and c; block 2, b and d).