Table 1.

Standard procedures for ABO-mismatched transplants

ABO mismatch	PBSC/BM graft manipulation	Therapeutic apheresis
Major	PBSC:	plasma exchange with AB plasma or albumin/sodium [26]
Recipient anti-donor isohemagglutinins	<20 ml RBC: no manipulation;
≥1:32	≥20 ml RBC: RBC depletion
	BM:
	RBC depletion
Major	PBSC:	plasma exchange with AB plasma or albumin/sodium
Recipient anti-donor isohemagglutinins	no manipulation
≥1:16	BM:
	infusion without modification possible [11]; to be on the safe side: RBC depletion
Minor	PBSC + BM:	experimental: RBC exchange with group O RBCs [17]
Donor anti-recipient isohemagglutinins	plasma depletion
≥1:256
Minor	PBSC:	experimental: RBC exchange with group O RBCs [17]
Donor anti-recipient isohemagglutinins	no manipulation
≤1:128	BM:
	infusion without modification possible [11]; to be on the safe side: plasma depletion
Bi-directional	RBC depletion and plasma depletion (when anti-recipient isohemagglutinins are >1:128)