PAH induces pulmonary hypertension and RV hypertrophy. SU5416-injected rats were subjected to 3 weeks hypoxia and then maintained in normoxia for 2, 5, or 14 weeks (5-, 8-, and 17-week time points, respectively). (A) RVSP was monitored using a Millar catheter; (B) RVSP at 5 weeks after SU5416 injection; (C) H&E staining showing the thickened RV wall; (D) RV myocyte cross-sectional area; (E) RV, LV, and septum were weighed and Fulton's index was calculated as an indication of RV hypertrophy; (F) the ratio of RV weight to body weight (BW); (G) the ratio of LV + septum weight to BW; and (H) BW. Results in (E–H) are from 8-week time point. The symbol (*) denotes that the values are significantly different from each other at P< 0.05 as determined by one-way ANOVA. The symbol (**) indicates that the value is significantly different from the control value at P< 0.05 as determined by Student's t-test.