Table 1. Correlation of PKM2 and LDHA expression with clinicopathological factors (UCLH cohort).
| Variables | Total (n = 72) | PKM2 Expression | P value | LDH-A Expression | P value | Combined expression | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Negative | Positive | Negative | Positive* | Negative** | |||||
| (High) | (Low) | (High) | (Low) | (High) | (Low) | |||||
| (n = 46) | (n = 26) | (n = 55) | (n = 17) | (n = 44) | (n = 28) | |||||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||||
| Tumour Types | ||||||||||
| PDAC | 61 | 41 (89) | 20 (77) | 0.171 | 48 (87) | 13 (76.5) | 0.249 | 40 (91) | 21 (75) | 0.088 |
| Ampullary | 11 | 5 (11) | 6 (23) | 7 (13) | 4 (23.5) | 4 (9) | 7 (25) | |||
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 39 | 25 (54.4) | 14 (53.8) | 0.968 | 29 (52.7) | 10 (58.8) | 0.46 | 21 (47.7) | 18 (64.3) | 0.116 |
| Female | 33 | 21 (45.6) | 12 (46.2) | 26 (47.3) | 7 (41.2) | 23 (52.3) | 10 (35.7) | |||
| Age at Diagnosis (years) | ||||||||||
| Mean ± SD | 72 | 63.2±11.9 | 65±9.4 | 0.502 | 63.8±11.1 | 64±11.6 | 0.959 | 62.7±11.4 | 65.6±10.4 | 0.339 |
| Tumour Differentiation | ||||||||||
| Well/Mod | 18 | 8 (32.5) | 10 (77.5) | 0.047 | 13 (26) | 5 (74) | 0.63 | 8 (18.2) | 10 (35.7) | 0.094 |
| Mod/Poor | 54 | 38 (67.5) | 16 (32.5) | 42 (74) | 12 (26) | 36 (81.8) | 18 (64.3) | |||
| Metastasis Status | ||||||||||
| Patients with metastasis | 20 | 15 (32.6) | 5 (19.3) | 0.229 | 15 (27.3) | 5 (29.4) | 0.942 | 15 (34.1) | 5 (17.8) | 0.104 |
| Patients without metastasis | 52 | 31 (67.4) | 21 (80.7) | 40 (72.7) | 12 (70.6) | 29 (65.9) | 23 (82.2) | |||
| Lymph Node Involvement | ||||||||||
| Positive lymph node | 16 | 10 (21.7) | 6 (23) | 0.504 | 13 (23.6) | 3 (17.6) | 0.942 | 9 (20.5) | 7 (25) | 0.444 |
| Negative lymph node | 11 | 6 (13) | 5 (19.3) | 8 (14.5) | 3 (17.6) | 5 (11.4) | 6 (21.4) | |||
| Unknown | 45 | 30 (65.3) | 15 (57.7) | 34 (61.9) | 11 (64.7) | 30 (68.1) | 15 (53.6) | |||
| Clinical T-Stage Classification | ||||||||||
| T1 | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.615 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.402 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.358 |
| T2 | 7 | 3 (6.5) | 4 (15.4) | 4 (7.3) | 3 (17.6) | 3 (6.9) | 4 (14.3) | |||
| T3 | 11 | 7 (15.2) | 4 (15.4) | 10 (18.2) | 1 (5.9) | 7 (15.9) | 4 (14.3) | |||
| T4 | 9 | 6 (13) | 3 (10.7) | 7 (12.7) | 2 (11.8) | 4 (9.1) | 5 (17.8) | |||
| Unknown | 45 | 30 (62.3) | 15 (53.5) | 34 (61.8) | 11 (64.7) | 30 (68.1) | 15 (53.6) | |||
| Staging | ||||||||||
| Stage I | 3 | 1 (2.2) | 2 (7.7) | 0.503 | 1 (1.8) | 2 (11.8) | 0.2 | 2 (4.6) | 1 (3.5) | 0.264 |
| Stage II | 13 | 7 (15.2) | 6 (23) | 11 (20) | 2 (11.8) | 6 (13.6) | 7 (25) | |||
| Stage III | 9 | 6 (13) | 3 (11.5) | 7 (12.7) | 2 (11.8) | 4 (9.1) | 5 (17.9) | |||
| Stage IV | 2 | 2 (4.4) | 0 (0) | 2 (3.6) | 0 (0) | 2 (4.6) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Unknown | 45 | 30 (65.2) | 15 (57.8) | 34 (61.9) | 11 (64.6) | 30 (68.1) | 15 (53.6) | |||
| Mean of CD8/HPF | ||||||||||
| Mean ± SD | 72 | 16.3±24.3 | 42.4±43.1 | 0.0001 | 20.1±30.7 | 44.3±40.1 | 0.005 | 16.4±24.9 | 39.5±41.7 | 0.001 |
| Ki67 Proliferation Index (%) | ||||||||||
| Mean ± SD | 72 | 27.8±12.9 | 12.2±14 | 0.0001 | 25.1±14 | 12.3±15.1 | 0.004 | 27.8±12.8 | 13.7±14.7 | 0.0001 |
* Both PKM2 and LDH-A positive
** Either PKM2 or LDH-A and both negative