Fig. 3.

Indirect co-culture of glioblastoma (GBM) cells with PDCD10-silenced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) inhibited activation of caspase-3 and reduced apoptosis in GBM cells. After incubation of LN229 with conditioned medium (CM) or control medium (C) overnight, stausporine (STS, 100nM) and CoCl₂ (500 µM) were treated to cells for 4 hours and 24 hours, respectively, followed by Hoechst-33258 staining (A) and Terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) (B). (Arrows indicate apoptotic cells). Active caspase-3 was detected by immunofluorescent staining (C-a, arrows indicated positive-stained cells) and by caspase-3 enzyme activity assay (C-b). ** P < .01 and *** P < .001, compare to C; ## P < .01, compare to STS alone; ++ P < .01, compare to CoCl₂ alone. Scale bar: 50 µm.