Table 3.
Construct validity: cross‐sectional comparisons for health outcomes with SARC‐F items*
| African American Health | Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging | ||||
| Unstandardized coefficients | Unstandardized coefficients | ||||
| B (SE) | P‐value | B (SE) | P‐value | ||
| IADLs (0–8) | IADLs (0–7) | ||||
| Strength | 1.55 (0.06) | <0.001 | Strength | 1.68 (0.07) | <0.001 |
| Assistance walking | 1.97 (0.07) | <0.001 | Assistance walking | 1.76 (0.07) | <0.001 |
| Rise from a chair | 1.88 (0.08) | <0.001 | Rise from a chair | 1.39 (0.07) | <0.001 |
| Climb stairs | 1.65 (0.06) | <0.001 | Climb stairs | 1.48 (0.06) | <0.001 |
| Falls | 0.92 (0.10) | <0.001 | Falls | 0.52 (0.07) | <0.001 |
| Chair stands (s) | Grip strength, right hand (kg) | ||||
| Strength | 1.89 (0.26) | <0.001 | |||
| Assistance walking | 2.76 (0.37) | <0.001 | Strength | −2.77 (0.63) | <0.001 |
| Assistance walking | −2.17 (0.62) | <0.001 | |||
| Rise from a chair | 2.98 (0.39) | <.001 | |||
| Climb stairs | 2.35 (0.27) | <0.001 | Rise from a chair | −1.95 (0.60) | 0.001 |
| Falls | 1.21 (0.29) | <0.001 | Climb stairs | −1.81 (0.59) | 0.002 |
| Falls | −0.69 (0.46) | 0.131 | |||
| Grip strength (kg) | Grip strength, left hand (kg) | ||||
| Strength | −2.70 (0.46) | <0.001 | |||
| Assistance walking | −1.53 (0.57) | 0.007 | Strength | −2.60 (0.62) | <0.001 |
| Assistance walking | −1.71 (0.63) | 0.007 | |||
| Rise from a chair | −1.77 (0.58) | 0.002 | |||
| Climb stairs | −2.53 (0.48) | <0.001 | Rise from a chair | −1.83 (0.58) | 0.002 |
| Falls | −1.12 (0.57) | 0.051 | Climb stairs | −1.65 (0.57) | 0.004 |
| Falls | −0.10 (0.44) | 0.815 | |||
| SPPB (0–12) | |||||
| Strength | −2.03 (0.13) | <0.001 | |||
| Assistance walking | −2.73 (0.17) | <0.001 | |||
| Rise from a chair | −2.37 (0.18) | <0.001 | |||
| Climb stairs | −2.33 (0.13) | <0.001 | |||
| Falls | −1.35 (0.18) | <0.001 | |||
| National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey | |||||
| Unstandardized coefficients | |||||
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | P‐value | B (SE) | P‐value | ||
| Hospitalized overnight in the past year | 20 ft walk (s) | ||||
| Strength | 2.14 (1.73–2.65) | <0.001 | Strength | 1.38 (0.09) | <0.001 |
| Assistance walking | 2.36 (1.85–3.02) | <0.001 | Assistance walking | 3.21 (0.22) | <0.001 |
| Rise from a chair | 1.98 (1.54–2.56) | <0.001 | Rise from a chair | 1.55 (0.11) | <0.001 |
| Climb stairs | 2.09 (1.67–2.62) | <0.001 | Climb stairs | 1.44 (0.09) | <0.001 |
| Falls | 1.97 (1.49–2.59) | <0.001 | Falls | 0.93 (0.10) | <0.001 |
| Gait speed < 0.8 m/s | Peak force, knee | ||||
| Strength | 2.65 (1.96–3.59) | <0.001 | Strength | −16.43 (3.07) | <0.001 |
| Assistance walking | 5.02 (2.75–9.15) | <0.001 | Assistance walking | −32.87 (8.42) | <0.001 |
| Rise from a chair | 2.92 (1.96–4.36) | <0.001 | Rise from a chair | −24.22 (3.72) | <0.001 |
| Climb stairs | 3.07 (2.21–4.24) | <0.001 | Climb stairs | −21.89 (3.16) | <0.001 |
| Falls | 1.49 (1.11–1.99) | 0.008 | Falls | −14.12 (3.28) | <0.001 |
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | P‐value | ||||
| Hospitalized overnight in the past year | |||||
| Strength | 1.75 (1.54–1.99) | <0.001 | |||
| Assistance walking | 1.77 (1.44–2.17) | <0.001 | |||
| Rise from a chair | 1.68 (1.45–1.94) | <0.001 | |||
| Climb stairs | 1.73 (1.52–1.97) | <0.001 | |||
| Falls | 1.62 (1.41–1.86) | <0.001 | |||
CI, confidence interval; IADLs, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; SE, standard error; SPPB, short physical performance battery.
*
Linear regression for continuous outcomes and logistic regression for dichotomous outcomes. Analyses adjusted for age and gender.