Table 1.
Sample Characteristics (N = 485 Visits)
| Characteristics | All Visits (N = 485) | Office‐Based Tool | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EHR | HRA | Patient List | |||||
| Yes (n = 392) | No (n = 93) | Yes (n = 61) | No (n = 424) | Yes (n = 52) | No (n = 433) | ||
| Age | 58.7 (8.3) | 58.8 (8.4) | 58.3 (7.7) | 59.3 (8.6) | 58.7 (8.2) | 60.4 (9.1) | 58.5 (8.2) |
| Female (%) | 65.2 | 64.5 | 67.7 | 62.3 | 65.6 | 57.7 | 66.1 |
| Race (%) | a | ||||||
| Black | 27.8 | 26.0 | 35.5 | 16.4 | 29.5 | 19.2 | 28.9 |
| White | 65.6 | 67.9 | 55.9 | 70.5 | 64.9 | 76.9 | 64.2 |
| Other | 6.6 | 6.1 | 8.6 | 13.1 | 5.7 | 3.8 | 6.9 |
| Educational level (%) | |||||||
| Less than high school | 3.9 | 4.4 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 4.3 | 1.9 | 4.2 |
| High school diploma | 24.3 | 25.7 | 18.3 | 19.7 | 24.9 | 19.2 | 24.9 |
| Some college or more | 71.8 | 69.9 | 79.6 | 78.7 | 70.8 | 78.8 | 70.9 |
| Charlson score | 0.8 (1.3) | 0.8 (1.3)a | 0.5 (0.9) | 0.7 (1.1) | 0.8 (1.3) | 1.0 (1.6) | 0.7 (1.2) |
| CVD risk score | 17.0 (9.3) | 16.9 (9.2) | 17.6 (9.6) | 15.5 (9.2) | 17.2 (9.3) | 19.0 (10.1) | 16.8 (9.2) |
| Depressive symptoms (%) | 18.1 | 18.6 | 16.1 | 8.2a | 19.6 | 17.3 | 18.2 |
| BMI | 31.0 (7.3) | 31.2 (7.5) | 30.2 (6.1) | 29.5 (6.3) | 31.2 (7.4) | 29.5 (6.3) | 31.2 (7.4) |
| Current smoker (%) | 18.8 | 17.3 | 24.7 | 11.5 | 19.8 | 13.5 | 19.4 |
| Problem drinker (%) | 15.3 | 15.9 | 13.0 | 14.8 | 15.4 | 15.4 | 15.3 |
| No. preventive services due | 5.5 (2.3) | 5.5 (2.3) | 5.5 (2.3) | 4.8 (2.1)a | 5.6 (2.3) | 5.4 (2.4) | 5.5 (2.3) |
| Physician age | 49.3 (7.8) | 49.9 (7.8) | 46.9 (7.6) | 49.9 (7.3) | 49.3 (7.9) | 49.3 (7.4) | 49.3 (7.9) |
| Female physician (%) | 57.3 | 56.6 | 60.2 | 62.3 | 56.6 | 44.2a | 58.9 |
| Physician race (%) | |||||||
| Black | 14.4 | 14.8 | 12.9 | 8.2 | 15.3 | 7.7 | 15.2 |
| White | 51.3 | 49.2 | 60.2 | 47.5 | 51.9 | 61.5 | 50.1 |
| Other | 34.2 | 36.0 | 26.9 | 44.3 | 32.8 | 30.8 | 34.6 |
| Physician specialty (%) | a | ||||||
| General internal medicine | 68.0 | 64.0 | 84.9 | 50.8 | 70.5 | 65.4 | 68.4 |
| Family medicine | 32.0 | 36.0 | 15.1 | 49.2 | 29.5 | 34.6 | 31.6 |
| Race concordant Pt/MD (%) | 49.3 | 48.0 | 54.8 | 42.6 | 50.2 | 53.8 | 48.7 |
| Gender concordant Pt/MD (%) | 72.8 | 72.2 | 75.3 | 80.3 | 71.7 | 67.3 | 73.4 |
| Pt/MD visit within 12 months (%) | 82.4 | 81.5 | 86.0 | 83.6 | 82.2 | 76.9 | 83.0 |
| Minutes late physician arrived | 23.9 (18.0) | 25.3 (18.4)a | 18.0 (14.7) | 32.9 (19.5)a | 22.6 (17.4) | 25.6 (18.6) | 23.7 (17.9) |
BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; EHR, electronic health record; HRA, health risk appraisal; MD, medical doctor; Pt, patient.
a
p < .05.