Table 2.
Lifestyle characteristics of disease groups (n=233 110)
| Percentage within each disease group |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No disease (n=103 993) | CVD (n=113 469) | Type 2 diabetes without CVD (n=4074) | Type 2 diabetes + CVD (n=11 574) | |
| Diet | ||||
| Dietary change in past 5 years | 103 902 | 113 300 | 4070 | 11 555 |
| YES | 28.9 | 45.9 | 75.5 | 75.3 |
| Meets fruit/veg guidelines | 102 798 | 111 554 | 3995 | 11 347 |
| YES | 29.8 | 32 | 35.7 | 36.6 |
| ‘Never eat’ | 103 848 | 113 190 | 4039 | 11 527 |
| Never eat sugar or foods/drinks containing sugar | 14.8 | 21.0 | 49.8 | 51.2 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Total physical activity* (MET.min/wk) | 103 993 | 113 469 | 4074 | 11 574 |
| ≤918 (Low physical activity) | 25.0 | 30.5 | 35.4 | 40.1 |
| >918–1902 | 25.0 | 24.2 | 22.5 | 22.2 |
| >1902–3706 | 25.0 | 22.2 | 20.7 | 19.7 |
| >3706–19 278 (high physical activity) | 25.0 | 23.2 | 21.3 | 18.0 |
| Walking* (min/day) | 103 993 | 113 469 | 4074 | 11 574 |
| 0–20 (low walking) | 31.5 | 33.9 | 36.6 | 40.4 |
| 21–30 | 20.8 | 20.4 | 21.0 | 19.6 |
| 31–60 | 26.7 | 25.8 | 23.0 | 23.6 |
| 61–180 | 21.1 | 19.9 | 19.4 | 16.3 |
| Moderate activity* (min/day) | 103 993 | 113 469 | 4074 | 11 574 |
| 0–15 (low moderate) | 27.8 | 31.4 | 36.1 | 39.6 |
| 16–30 | 28.0 | 24.7 | 25.3 | 23.2 |
| 31–60 | 25.2 | 23.2 | 19.9 | 20.1 |
| 61–180 | 19.0 | 20.6 | 18.7 | 17.1 |
| Vigorous activity* (min/day) | 103 993 | 113 469 | 4074 | 11 574 |
| 0 (low vigorous) | 34.2 | 46.1 | 49.7 | 56.5 |
| 1–20 | 20.3 | 19.6 | 19.7 | 18.0 |
| 21–45 | 21.7 | 16.7 | 14.5 | 13.1 |
| 46–180 | 23.7 | 17.6 | 16.1 | 12.3 |
| Meets UK government physical activity guidelines† | 103 993 | 113 469 | 4074 | 11 574 |
| NO | 16.1 | 20.0 | 24.7 | 27.5 |
| TV viewing | ||||
| TV viewing* (h/day) | 103 993 | 113 469 | 4074 | 11 574 |
| ≤1 (Low TV viewing) | 26.6 | 16.2 | 15.4 | 10.5 |
| >1–2 | 30.5 | 24.5 | 22.3 | 19.3 |
| >2–3 | 22.6 | 24.5 | 24.1 | 22.8 |
| >3 (High TV viewing) | 20.3 | 34.8 | 38.1 | 47.3 |
| Sleep | ||||
| Sleep duration‡ (h/night) | 103 993 | 113 469 | 4074 | 11 574 |
| <7 (Poor sleep duration) | 21.3 | 26.4 | 27.0 | 27.5 |
| 7–8 (Good sleep duration) | 73.4 | 64.6 | 62.1 | 58.6 |
| >8 (Poor sleep duration) | 5.3 | 9.1 | 10.8 | 13.9 |
| Behavioural phenotype | ||||
| UNHEALTHY (low physical activity, high TV viewing and poor sleep duration) | 1.8 | 5.2 | 5.8 | 10.0 |
| HEALTHY (high physical activity, low TV viewing and good sleep duration) | 4.5 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.2 |
*For physical activity and TV viewing categories, quartiles were calculated from the ‘No disease’ group, so that their demarcators could be applied to disease group.
†UK Government recommendations of 150 min of moderate or 75 min of vigorous activity per week.
‡Physiological thresholds used rather than quartiles because the shape of the risk relationship is a U shape (not linear like physical activity and TV viewing).
BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease.