Fig. 2. Adjuvant activity of QS saponin linkage variants in a preclinical mouse vaccination model. (a) Anti-KLH (IgG), (b) anti-OVA (IgG), and (c) anti-MUC1 (IgG) antibody titers at 5 μg dose of each saponin variant. (d) Anti-KLH (IgG), (e) anti-OVA (IgG), and (f) anti-MUC1 (IgG) antibody titers at 20 μg dose of each saponin variant. See Fig. S1 and S2† for anti-GD3 antibody titers. α/β-Glycosyl carbamates α/β-4 were inactive at both doses (not shown). Median titer values represented as horizontal bars. Statistical significance compared to the no-adjuvant negative control assessed using unpaired Student's t-test with CI = 95%: *p ≤ 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
