Table 4.
Frequency of phenotypes across latent classes
| Class 1 (n=759) |
Class 2 (n=2099) |
Class 3 (n=1387) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| EPDS total | 10·5 | 14·8 | 20·1 |
| EPDS anxiety subscale | 4·4 | 5·4 | 5·8 |
| Depression severity | |||
| Minor | 1·00 | 0 | 0 |
| Major | 0 | 1·00 | 1·00 |
| Gravidity | 0·32 | 0·24 | 0·28 |
| Primiparous | |||
| Multiparous | 0·68 | 0·76 | 0·72 |
| PPD onset | |||
| 1st trimester | 0·04 | 0·03 | 0·13 |
| 2nd trimester | 0·17 | 0·11 | 0·27 |
| 3rd trimester | 0·06 | 0·03 | 0·15 |
| 0–4 weeks PPD | 0·54 | 0·62 | 0·17 |
| 5–8 weeks PPD | 0·13 | 0·09 | 0·07 |
| >8 weeks PPD | 0·02 | 0·06 | 0·21 |
| Obstetric complications* | |||
| No | 0·74 | 0·73 | 0·58 |
| Yes | 0·26 | 0·27 | 0·43 |
| Pregnancy complications† | |||
| No | 0·33 | 0·31 | 0·71 |
| Yes | 0·67 | 0·69 | 0·29 |
| History of anxiety or mood disorders‡ | |||
| None | 0·14 | 0·27 | 0·04 |
| Anxiety only | 0·04 | 0·03 | 0·06 |
| Mood only | 0·27 | 0·34 | 0·30 |
| Anxiety and mood | 0·55 | 0·36 | 0·60 |
| Suicidal thoughts | |||
| Never | 0·87 | 0·80 | 0·10 |
| Hardly ever | 0·09 | 0·14 | 0·08 |
| Sometimes | 0·02 | 0·06 | 0·16 |
| Yes, quite often | 0·01 | 0 | 0·67 |
| Mood in pregnancy | |||
| Depressed | 0·15 | 0·14 | 0·47 |
| Well | 0·37 | 0·21 | 0·36 |
| Unknown | 0·48 | 0·64 | 0·18 |
EPDS=Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. PPD=postpartum depression. DSM-IV=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition.
Included endorsement of any one of the five items for fetal stress, postpartum haemorrhage, PROM, delivery type, and low birthweight.
Included endorsement of any of the five items for gestational hypertension, maternal obesity, pre-eclampsia, gestation diabetes, and high-risk pregnancy status.
Mood diagnoses included endorsement at any time of any one or more of the following DSM-IV lifetime diagnoses: PPD, major depressive disorder, depression disorder not otherwise specified, and dysthymia; anxiety disorders included endorsement at any time of any one or more of the following DSM-IV lifetime diagnoses: generalised anxiety disorder, panic, agoraphobia, posttraumatic stress disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, anxiety not otherwise specified, and obsessive compulsive disorder.