Figure 1.
Cross-lagged path analysis models for the association of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with aortic-femoral pulse wave velocity (afPWV) in the total sample (n = 446), Bogalusa Heart Study, 2000–2010. Results were adjusted for race/ethnicity, age, sex, body mass index, heart rate, smoking, diabetes, and duration of follow-up. ρ1, cross-lagged path coefficient from baseline afPWV to follow-up blood pressure (BP); ρ2, cross-lagged path coefficient from baseline BP to follow-up afPWV. r1 represents synchronous correlations; r2 and r3 represent tracking correlations. Variance of follow-up BP explained: R2 = 0.36 (SBP) and R2 = 0.25 (DBP). Variance of follow-up afPWV explained: R2 = 0.08 (SBP included) and R2 = 0.08 (DBP included). For r1, r2, ρ1, and ρ2 being different from 0 for SBP and DBP, P < 0.01; for r3 being different from 0 for SBP and DBP, P < 0.05; for difference in SBP between ρ1 and ρ2, P = 0.048; and for difference in DBP between ρ1 and ρ2, P = 0.034.