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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 21.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroimage. 2013 Nov 9;87:345–355. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.11.001

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

This heuristic model of neural processing of emotion regulation relates to the modal model of emotion (Gross, 1998). Affective arousal is relayed via amygdala and basal ganglia to the VLPFC and the anterior insula, as well as SMA, angular gyrus and STG (a). The VLPFC initiates the appraisal and signals the need to regulate the emotion to the DLPFC (b). The DLFPC processes the regulation itself and gives a feedforward signal (via the aMCC or directly) to angular gyrus, SMA, STG, amygdala and basal ganglia, which in turn participate in the generation of a (regulated) emotional state (c).