Table 2.
Characteristics associated tobacco smoke exposure status among pediatric emergency department patients in Cincinnati, Ohio, 2012–2013.
| Item | Negative TSE Status (n=45,413) |
Positive TSE Status (n=17,986) |
Univariate Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | OR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | |
| Age | ||||||
| <5 years old | 26,666 (74.1) | 9,315 (25.9) | 0.76 | (0.73, 0.78) | 0.63 | (0.64, 0.69) |
| ≥5 years old | 18,747 (68.4) | 8,671 (31.6) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 24,211 (72.1) | 9,378 (27.9) | 0.95 | (0.92, 0.99) | 0.97 | (0.94, 1.01) |
| Female | 21,202 (71.1) | 8,608 (28.9) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 19,108 (67.3) | 9,273 (32.7) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) |
| African American | 20,894 (75.3) | 6,871 (24.7) | 0.68 | (0.65, 0.70) | 0.43 | (0.41, 0.45) |
| Other | 5,368 (74.6) | 1,827 (25.4) | 0.70 | (0.66, 0.74) | 0.64 | (0.60, 0.68) |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic | 42,706 (71.1) | 17,362 (28.9) | 1.84 | (1.67, 2.02) | 2.31 | (2.07, 2.57) |
| Hispanic | 2,374 (81.9) | 525 (18.1) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) |
| Insurance Type | ||||||
| Non-Commercial1 | 30,786 (67.3) | 14,947 (32.7) | 2.34 | (2.24, 2.44) | 3.27 | (3.55, 3.91) |
| Commercial | 14,626 (82.8) | 3,037 (17.2) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) |
| Triage Acuity | ||||||
| Low Acuity | 34,556 (71.4) | 13,868 (28.6) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) |
| High Acuity | 10,730 (72.6) | 4,051 (27.4) | 0.94 | (0.90, 0.98) | 0.87 | (0.83, 0.91) |
| TSE Diagnosis | ||||||
| TSE-related2 | 10,732 (71.6) | 13,734 (28.4) | 1.00 | (0.96, 1.04) | 1.08 | (1.03, 1.13) |
| Non-TSE related | 34,681 (71.6) | 4,252 (28.4) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) |
| Disposition | ||||||
| Discharge3 | 36,078 (71.9) | 14,104 (28.1) | 0.80 | (0.71, 0.90) | 0.84 | (0.74, 0.96) |
| Admit Non-ICU | 7,980 (70.9) | 3,269 (29.1) | 0.84 | (0.74, 0.95) | 0.913 | (0.79, 1.05) |
| Admit ICU | 559 (71.5) | 223 (28.5) | 0.81 | (0.67, 0.99) | 0.868 | (0.70, 1.08) |
| Other4 | 796 (67.1) | 390 (32.9) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) | (Ref) |
Note. Ref indicates referent.
Non-commercial insurance includes Medicaid, Medicare, other governmental, self-pay, and other insurance.
TSE-related diagnoses includes any respiratory infections, otitis media, otorrhea, otalgia, rhinitis, asthma, wheeze, and cough, shortness of breath, tachypnea, throat pain, laryngeal spasm, SIDS, apnea, hypoxemia, and respiratory failure.
Discharge disposition includes discharge to home, long term facility, or jail.
Other disposition includes discharge to clinic, discharge to a center that evaluates child abuse, dismissed since patient never arrived, transfer to other facility, transfer to an urgent care, discharge against medical advice, left without being seen before triage, left without being seen before any physician or advance practice nurse, eloped after resident, eloped after physician or advance practice nurse, deceased, and deceased on arrival.