Table 3.

Hazard ratios for incident bladder cancer versus medication duration of use from the multivariable model: the multivariable model includes all variables in this table

Model variables	Prevalent cohort				Incident cohort
	Hazard ratio	95% Confidence interval		P value	Hazard ratio	95 Confidence interval		P value
Pioglitazone
1–12 months	1.03	0.93	1.14	0.521	1.02	0.81	1.28	0.8845
13–24 months	1.14	0.98	1.31	0.091	0.95	0.62	1.44	0.8054
>24 months	1.16	1.00	1.35	0.044	1.24	0.83	1.84	0.2969
Rosiglitazone
1–12 months	1.19	1.06	1.35	0.004	1.13	0.83	1.53	0.4490
13–24 months	1.28	1.09	1.51	0.002	1.21	0.70	2.09	0.5011
>24 months	1.10	0.91	1.34	0.314	0.93	0.41	2.08	0.8535
Sulfonylurea
1–12 months	1.15	1.07	1.25	0.000	1.14	0.98	1.32	0.0962
13–24 months	0.92	0.83	1.01	0.081	0.97	0.79	1.20	0.7920
>24 months	0.84	0.77	0.92	0.000	0.88	0.72	1.07	0.2064
ARB	1.02	0.95	1.10	0.495	1.05	0.91	1.21	0.4789
ACE-I	1.06	0.99	1.13	0.087	1.01	0.89	1.14	0.9093
Insulin glargine	1.00	0.91	1.10	0.994	0.99	0.79	1.26	0.9655
Human insulin	0.90	0.82	1.00	0.049	0.99	0.79	1.24	0.9372
Other analog insulin	1.01	0.91	1.12	0.852	0.66	0.51	0.87	0.0032
Metformin	0.96	0.90	1.02	0.186	0.83	0.73	0.95	0.0060
Age (years)a
70–74	1.38	1.27	1.51	0.000	1.21	1.01	1.45	0.0375
75–79	1.75	1.60	1.91	0.000	1.41	1.17	1.70	0.0003
80–84	1.81	1.64	1.99	0.000	1.81	1.49	2.20	0.0000
85+	1.93	1.72	2.16	0.000	1.87	1.50	2.33	0.0000
Year	1.01	0.99	1.03	0.384	1.00	0.96	1.03	0.8086
Racea
Black	0.63	0.55	0.72	0.000	0.59	0.44	0.79	0.0004
Hispanic	0.57	0.49	0.65	0.000	0.60	0.46	0.78	0.0001
Female	0.25	0.23	0.26	0.000	0.22	0.19	0.25	0.0000
Low income	0.74	0.69	0.79	0.000	0.74	0.65	0.86	0.0000
No. of diabetes complicationsa
2	0.99	0.84	1.17	0.917	1.62	1.15	2.30	0.0060
≥3	0.77	0.52	1.13	0.181	0.76	0.28	2.04	0.5910
COPD/tobacco use	1.48	1.38	1.59	0.000	1.40	1.23	1.60	0.0000

^aReferent groups were (1) Age: <70 years; Race: White; No. of diabetes complications: 0–1