Table 1.
Risk factors and associated conditions for pah identified during the evian meeting (1998) and classified according to the strength of evidence
| A. Drugs and Toxins |
| 1. Definite |
| • Aminorex |
| • Fenfluramine |
| • Dexfenfluramine |
| • Toxic rapeseed oil |
| 2. Very likely |
| • Amphetamines |
| • L-tryptophan |
| 3. Possible |
| • Meta-amphetamines |
| • Cocaine |
| • Chemotherapeutic agents |
| 4. Unlikely |
| • Antidepressants |
| • Oral contraceptives |
| • Estrogen therapy |
| • Cigarette smoking |
| B. Demographic and Medical Conditions |
| 1. Definite |
| • Gender |
| 2. Possible |
| • Pregnancy |
| • Systemic hypertension |
| 3. Unlikely |
| • Obesity |
| C. Diseases |
| 1. Definite |
| • HIV infection |
| 2. Very likely |
| • Portal hypertension/liver disease |
| • Collagen vascular diseases |
| • Congenital systemic-pulmonary-cardiac shunts |
| 3. Possible |
| • Thyroid disorders |