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. 2016 Jan 8;5:54–65. doi: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.12.002

Table 3.

Additional plasma parameters in morbidly obese patients in each group before and after bariatric surgery.
PLASMA
 Anova-2, p value
Parameters Control (n = 22) Time DM − DL − (n = 10) DM − DL + (n = 15) DM + DL + (n = 7) Comorbidities effect Surgery effect
AST (UI/L) 24.0 ± 1.4 OB 23.1 ± 2.0 20.8 ± 1.6 22.5 ± 2.4 ns 0.0002
1 M 38.8 ± 4.7o 33.2 ± 3.2oo 30.8 ± 4.9
6 M 20.3 ± 2.4** 21.3 ± 1.8** 17.2 ± 1.6*
12 M 22.2 ± 4.7* 21.8 ± 2.2** 18.7 ± 2.5
p = 0.0022 p = 0.0012 p = 0.0365
ALT (UI/L) 26.0 ± 1.5 OB 34.4 ± 4.9 29.9 ± 3.6 33.0 ± 5.3 ns < 0.0001
1 M 64.6 ± 10.3o 51.5 ± 6.5oo 39.8 ± 9.4
6 M 22.5 ± 4.8*** 22.9 ± 2.6*** 15.9 ± 4.3*
12 M 20.3 ± 5.3*** 22.4 ± 2.8*** 17.9 ± 2.0
p = 0.0004 p < 0.0001 p = 0.0136
AST/ALT 0.94 ± 0.10 OB 0.77 ± 0.08 0.75 ± 0.06 0.72 ± 0.07 ns 0.0007
1 M 0.70 ± 0.09 0.68 ± 0.05 0.85 ± 0.14
6 M 1.07 ± 0.12 0.98 ± 0.06* 1.32 ± 0.28
12 M 1.23 ± 0.16* 1.02 ± 0.08** 1.05 ± 0.09
p = 00.112 p = 0011 p = ns
GGT (UI/L) 32.0 ± 1.8 OB 28.4 ± 2.5 47.4 ± 7.8 41.2 ± 8.2 ns 0.0008
1 M 32.1 ± 4.4 42.3 ± 8.3 25.5 ± 5.7
6 M 16.2 ± 1.8** 20.3 ± 3.2oo,* 15.5 ± 1.8o
12 M 17.4 ± 3.2 17.9 ± 2.3oo,* 14.1 ± 2.6oo
p = 0.0023 p = 0.0005 p = 0.0039
Alkalin phosphatase (UI/L) 58.2 ± 8.2 OB 76.7 ± 5.7 84.9 ± 5.6 68.8 ± 8.1 < 0.0001 ns
1 M 79.0 ± 5.5 99.2 ± 6.8 72.3 ± 4.5
6 M 90.6 ± 9.3 93.1 ± 4.6 79.7 ± 6.5
12 M 91.8 ± 8.2 94.9 ± 5.4 75.9 ± 5.7
p = ns p = ns p = ns
Esterified bilirubin (mg/dL) 0.07 ± 0.00 OB 0.20 ± 0.03 0.21 ± 0.01 0.22 ± 0.03 < 0.0001 ns
1 M 0.30 ± 0.04c 0.27 ± 0.02c 0.24 ± 0.03
6 M 0.30 ± 0.03c 0.23 ± 0.03 0.26 ± 0.02c
12 M 0.28 ± 0.03 0.27 ± 0.04c 0.31 ± 0.04cc
p = 0.0082 p = 0.0279 p = 0.0045
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) 0.51 ± 0.03 OB 0.44 ± 0.08 0.42 ± 0.04 0.47 ± 0.09 ns ns
1 M 0.62 ± 0.08 0.61 ± 0.06 0.55 ± 0.06
6 M 0.69 ± 0.09 0.55 ± 0.07 0.66 ± 0.07
12 M 0.66 ± 0.09 0.71 ± 0.15 0.74 ± 0.11
DM − DL − p = ns DM − DL + p = ns DM + DL + p = ns
Glycerol (mg/dL) 0.54 ± 0.11 OB 1.76 ± 0.14ccc 1.88 ± 0.15ccc 1.96 ± 0.16ccc < 0.0001 0.0194
1 M 1.96 ± 0.25ccc 2.00 ± 0.14ccc 2.13 ± 0.23ccc
6 M 1.51 ± 0.13cc 1.60 ± 0.15ccc 1.35 ± 0.26
12 M 1.51 ± 0.19cc 1.49 ± 0.12ccc 1.51 ± 0.25c
p < 0.0001 p < 0.0001 p < 0.0001
NEFA (mM) 0.47 ± 0.04 OB 0.55 ± 0.07 0.60 ± 0.05 0.60 ± 0.09 0.0083 < 0.0001
1 M 0.96 ± 0.10oo,ccc 1.06 ± 0.11ooo,ccc 0.84 ± 0.12cc
6 M 0.66 ± 0.10 0.65 ± 0.05*** 0.57 ± 0.06
12 M 0.42 ± 0.05*** 0.56 ± 0.07*** 0.55 ± 0.07
p < 0.0001 p < 0.0001 p = 0010
KB (mM) 0.08 ± 0.03 OB 0.08 ± 0.02 0.07 ± 0.02 0.05 ± 0.01 < 0.0001 < 0.0001
1 M 0.95 ± 0.21o,ccc 0.74 ± 0.17ooo,ccc 1.72 ± 0.48oo,ccc
6 M 0.39 ± 0.17* 0.16 ± 0.02o,cc 0.57 ± 0.06
12 M 0.11 ± 0.05* 0.11 ± 0.01** 0.11 ± 0.03
p = 0.0002 p < 0.0001 p = 0.0003
KB/NEFA 0.20 ± 0.08 OB 0.13 ± 0.03 0.10 ± 0.02 0.09 ± 0.02 < 0.0001 < 0.0001
1 M 0.96 ± 0.21o,ccc 0.71 ± 0.13ooo,ccc 1.77 ± 0.48c,o
6 M 0.45 ± 0.14 0.25 ± 0.02o,c 0.28 ± 0.06
12 M 0.22 ± 0.09 0.20 ± 0.03 0.22 ± 0.07
p = 0.0004 p < 0.0001 p = 0.0051

The data are expressed as the means ± SEM. Abbreviations: AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST:ALT, ratio of AST and ALT activities; GGT, γ-glutaryl transferase; NEFA, non-esterified fatty acid; KB, ketone bodies; KB:NEFA, ratio of KB and NEFA; OB, 6 M and 12 M, obese, 6 and 12 months after surgery in the DM − DL −, DM − DL + and DM + DL + groups, respectively. The (o) symbol indicates the differences between obese and 1, 6 or 12 months after surgery in each group; the (*) symbol indicates the differences between 1 month and 6 or 12 months after surgery in each group; the (c) symbol indicates the differences between each time or obese group versus control (lean) group. One symbol, p < 0.05; two symbols, p < 0.01; three symbols, p < 0.001; ns, non-significant.