Table 3.

Age‐related trajectories in cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA), and volume (CV)

Cortical structure	CT	SA	CV
Left precentral gyrus	↘	–	CD
Right precentral gyrus	↘	–	↘
Left superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral	↘	–	CD
Right superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral	↘	–	CD
Left superior frontal gyrus, orbital part	↘	–	↘
Right superior frontal gyrus, orbital part	↘	–	↘
Left middle frontal gyrus	↘	–	CD
Right middle frontal gyrus	↘	–	↘
Left middle frontal gyrus orbital part	↘	–	↘
Right middle frontal gyrus orbital part	↘	–	–
Left inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part	↘	↗	–
Right inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part	↘	–	CD
Left inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part	↘	↗	–
Right inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part	↘	–	CD
Left inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part	↘	–	CD
Right inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part	↘	–	CD
Left rolandic operculum	↘	–	↘
Right rolandic operculum	↘	–	↘
Left supplementary motor area	↘	↗	CD
Right supplementary motor area	↘	–	CD
Left olfactory cortex	↘	–	↘CU
Right olfactory cortex	↘	–	↘
Left superior frontal gyrus, medial	↘	–	↘
Right superior frontal gyrus, medial	↘	–	↘ CD
Left superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital	↘	–	↘
Right superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital	↘	–	↘
Left gyrus rectus	↘	–	↘
Right gyrus rectus	↘	↘	↘
Left insula	↘	–	↘
Right insula	↘	–	↘
Left anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri	↘	↗	–
Right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri	↘	–	↘
Left median cingulate and paracingulate gyri	↘	–	↘
Right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri	↘	–	–
Left posterior cingulate gyrus	↘	–	↘
Right posterior cingulate gyrus	↘	–	↘
Left parahippocampal gyrus	↘	↗	↗
Right parahippocampal gyrus	↘	–	–
Left calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex	↘	–	↘
Right calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex	↘	–	↘
Left cuneus	↘	–	↘
Right cuneus	↘	–	↘
Left lingual gyrus	↘	–	↘
Right lingual gyrus	↘	–	↘
Left superior occipital gyrus	↘	–	↘
Right superior occipital gyrus	↘	–	↘
Left middle occipital gyrus	↘	–	↘
Right middle occipital gyrus	↘	–	↘
Left inferior occipital gyrus	↘	–	↘
Right inferior occipital gyrus	↘	–	↘
Left fusiform gyrus	↘	–	–
Right fusiform gyrus	↘	–	–
Left postcentral gyrus	↘	–	↘ CD
Right postcentral gyrus	↘aF	–	↘
Left superior parietal gyrus	↘	–	↘ CD
Right superior parietal gyrus	↘	–	↘
Left inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri	↘	–	↘
Right inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri	↘	–	↘
Left supramarginal gyrus	↘	–	M ↘ CD; F ↘ CU
Right supramarginal gyrus	↘aF	–	↘
Left angular gyrus	↘	–	↘
Right angular gyrus	↘	–	CD
Left precuneus	↘	↘	↘
Right precuneus	↘	–	↘
Left paracentral lobule	↘	–	↘
Right paracentral lobule	↘	–	↘
Left heschl gyrus	↘	–	↘
Right heschl gyrus	↘	–	↘
Left superior temporal gyrus	↘	–	↘
Right superior temporal gyrus	↘	–	↘CD
Left temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus	–	–	↗CD
Right temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus	–	↗	↗CD
Left middle temporal gyrus	↘	–	CD
Right middle temporal gyrus	↘	–	↘CD
Left temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus	–	↗	↗CD
Right temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus	–	↗	↗CD
Left inferior temporal gyrus	↘	↗	CD
Right inferior temporal gyrus	↘	–	CD

CU, concaved up (U‐shaped trend); CD, concaved down (Inverted U‐shaped trend); –, no age effect; ↘, decrease with age; ↗, increase with age.

^a F, sharper decrease in females than in males.