Table 1.
Characteristics of Included Studies
| Study (Reference) | Year | Design | Comparison | No. of Pts. | Mean Age (y) | Sex (% Male) | Arterial Grafts | PAD Used | Follow‐Up | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calafiore11 | 2002 | Retrospective | “No‐touch” | 1533 |
64±9 with CVA 62.3±9.6 without CVA |
NA | NA | — | 30 days | |
| Side‐clamp | 460 | |||||||||
| Emmert12 | 2011 | Prospective, propensity scoring | “No‐touch” | 271 | NA | NA | 1.76±0.87 | Heartstring® | In‐hospital | |
| Side‐clamp | 567 | 63±10 | 79.0 | 1.60±0.91 | ||||||
| PAD | 1365 | 66±10 | 79.4 | 1.49±0.80 | ||||||
| Kapetanakis13 | 2004 | Retrospective | “No‐touch” | 476 | 61.2±11.3 | 65.1 | NA | — | 30 days | |
| Side‐clamp | 2527 | 66.2±10.7 | 68.6 | |||||||
| Kim14 | 2002 | Matched cohort | “No‐touch” | 222 | 61±9 | 73.4 |
Bilateral ITA RA RGEA |
95.5% 2.3% 50.0% |
— | 30 days |
| Side‐clamp | 123 | 63±9 | 66.7 |
Bilateral ITA RA RGEA |
22.0% 5.7% 7.3% |
|||||
| Leacche15 | 2003 | Retrospective | “No‐touch” | 84 | 62±13 | 83.3 |
Bilateral ITA BITA+RA RGEA |
38.7% 7.6% 2.5% |
— | 30 days |
| Side‐clamp | 556 | 64±10 | 78.1 | NA | ||||||
| Lev‐Ran16 | 2004 | Retrospective | “No‐touch” | 429 | 67.4±11.5 | 72.8 |
Bilateral ITA RA RGEA |
55.3% 40% 6.3% |
— | In‐hospital |
| Side‐clamp | 271 | 68.4±10.9 | 70.0 |
Bilateral ITA BITA +RA RGEA |
30.6% 2.9% 0.4% |
|||||
| Manabe17 | 2009 | Retrospective | “No‐touch” | 185 | 68.4±8.8 | 90.3 |
RA RGEA |
55.4% 60.8% |
Heartstring®
Enclose II® |
In‐hospital |
| Side‐clamp | 241 | 68.1±9.1 | 73.0 |
RA RGEA |
60.5% 9.2% |
|||||
| PAD | 109 | 70.9±8.4 | 83.5 |
RA RGEA |
48.3% 3.4% |
|||||
| Matsuura18 | 2013 | Retrospective | “No‐touch” | 264 | 67.3±8.0 | 84.5 |
Bilateral ITA RA |
68.1% 53.8% |
— | In‐hospital |
| Side‐clamp | 72 | 68.9±9.1 | 77.8 |
Bilateral ITA RA |
50.0% 44.4% |
|||||
| Misfeld19 | 2010 | Retrospective | “No‐touch” | 1346 | 67.2±10.7 | 76.3 |
Bilateral ITA RA |
24.7% 44.4% |
— | 30 days |
| Side‐clamp | 600 | 67.2±10.7 | 73.3 |
Bilateral ITA RA |
13.7% 27.8% |
|||||
| Moss20 | 2015 | Retrospective, adjusted in a logistic regression | “No‐touch” | 1550 | 62.1±12.2 | NA | NA | Heartstring® | In‐hospital | |
| Side‐clamp | 6449 | 62.9±10.7 | ||||||||
| PAD | 1551 | 66.2±10.5 | ||||||||
| Patel21 | 2002 | Prospective, adjusted in a logistic regression | “No‐touch” | 597 | 61 (55–68) | 79.6 | NA | — | In‐hospital | |
| Side‐clamp | 520 | 63 (55–69) | 72.9 | |||||||
| Pawlaczyk22 | 2011 | Retrospective | “No‐touch” | 133 | 65.8 | 69.9 | RA | 5.3% | — | In‐hospital |
| Side‐clamp | 499 | 67.0 | 73.3 | RA | 1.2% | |||||
| Vallely23 | 2008 | Prospective, adjusted in a logistic regression | “No‐touch” | 1201 | 67.6 (30.7–91.1) | 75.7 |
Bilateral ITA RA |
26.5% 77.1% |
— | 30 days |
| Side‐clamp | 557 | 67.6 (22.1–90.7) | 71.8 |
Bilateral ITA RA |
14.5% 22.9% |
|||||
| Biancari24 | 2007 | RCT | PAD | 11 | 63.9±7.8 | 73 | RA | 18% | Spyder® | In‐hospital |
| Side‐clamp | 9 | 71.4±4.6 | 78 | RA | 11% | |||||
| Boova25 | 2006 | Retrospective | PAD | 60 | 69.4 | 65 | 13% | Enclose® | In‐hospital | |
| Side‐clamp | 137 | 68.9 | 70 | 27% | ||||||
| El Zayat26 | 2011 | RCT | PAD | 29* |
S 63.7±9.9 B 60.9±13.5 |
65.5 | NA | Heartstring® | In‐hospital | |
| Side‐clamp | 28* |
S 64.7±10.3 B 61.2±12.0 |
75 | |||||||
| Kempfert27 | 2008 | RCT | PAD | 51 | 74.5±0.6 | 80.4 | NA | PAS‐Port® | In‐hospital | |
| Side‐clamp | 48 | 75.5±0.5 | 77.1 | |||||||
| Skjelland28 | 2005 | Prospective | PAD | 16 | 66.4 (43–85) | 87.5 | NA | Symmetry® | In‐hospital | |
| Side‐clamp | 16 | 64.9 (53–77) | 87.5 | |||||||
CVA indicates cerebrovascular accident; ITA, internal thoracic artery; NA, not available; PAD, proximal anastomosis device; RA, radial artery; RCT, randomized controlled trial; RGEA, right gastroepiploic artery.
*Nested randomization to S (sucker) and B (blower) for clearing the anastomotic site from blood.