Table 5.

Association of Serial Midlife Risk Factors and Both Recognized and Unrecognized Myocardial Infarction Assessed by CMR in Later Life

Risk Factors Comparing MI vs No MI	Model Ia		Model IIb
	β (SE)	P Value	β (SE)	P Value
Serial systolic blood pressure, mm Hgc
All MI vs no MI	3.20 (1.11)	0.004	3.21 (1.08)	0.003
Unrecognized MI	2.76 (1.31)	0.04	2.69 (1.28)	0.04
Recognized MI	4.03 (1.64)	0.01	4.12 (1.60)	0.010
Serial diastolic blood pressure, mm Hgc
All MI vs no MI	1.50 (0.63)	0.02	1.50 (0.62)	0.02
Unrecognized MI	1.18 (0.73)	0.11	1.18 (0.73)	0.11
Recognized MI	2.05 (0.94)	0.03	2.05 (0.91)	0.03
Serial cholesterol, mmol/L
All MI vs no MI	0.25 (0.08)	0.001	0.25 (0.08)	0.001
Unrecognized MI	0.14 (0.09)	0.11	0.14 (0.09)	0.11
Recognized MI	0.43 (0.11)	0.0001	0.43 (0.11)	0.0001
Serial triglycerides, mmol/Ld
All MI vs no MI	0.15 (0.05)	0.002	0.15 (0.05)	0.002
Unrecognized MI	0.07 (0.06)	0.25	0.07 (0.06)	0.24
Recognized MI	0.31 (0.07)	<0.0001	0.30 (0.06)	<0.0001
Serial glucose
All MI vs no MI	0.61 (0.58)	0.60	0.60 (0.58)	0.30
Unrecognized MI	0.48 (0.69)	0.48	0.43 (0.69)	0.53
Recognized MI	0.82 (0.85)	0.33	0.88 (0.84)	0.30
Serial body mass index, kg/m2
All MI vs no MI	0.13 (0.25)	0.60	0.15 (0.25)	0.54
Unrecognized MI	0.33 (0.30)	0.30	0.36 (0.29)	0.23
Recognized MI	−0.22 (0.38)	0.38	−0.20 (0.37)	0.60
Midlife physical activitye
All MI vs no MI	−0.10 (0.06)	0.11	0.09 (0.06)	0.17
Unrecognized MI	−0.00 (0.08)	0.96	0.01 (0.08)	0.85
Recognized MI	−0.26 (0.09)	0.006	−0.25 (0.09)	0.007

CMR indicates cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; β (SE), coefficient (standard error); MI, myocardial infarction.

^aModel 1, mixed model adjusted for midlife age, late‐life age, and sex.

^bModel 2, mixed model adjusted for midlife age, late‐life age, sex, midlife smoking, midlife antihypertensive medication, and midlife serum glucose.

^cAdjusted for antihypertensive medications.

^dAdjusted for cholesterol.

^ePhysical activity: 1=never, 2=rarely, 3=occasionally, 4=moderate, 5=high.