Table 2.

Sex-stratified risk for incident diabetes by quartile of 2-hour plasma glucose among participants with normal blood pressure and prehypertension

	Number at risk	Diabetes cases	Unadjusted		Model 1		Model 2
			HR (95 % CI)	P for trend	HR (95 % CI)	P for trend	HR (95 % CI)	P for trend
Normal BP
Men
Quartile 1	462	15	1 (reference)	<0.001	1 (reference)	<0.001	1 (reference)	<0.001
Quartile 2	428	29	2.08 (1.12–3.88)*		2.08 (1.12–3.88)*		2.07 (1.11–3.86)*
Quartile 3	439	45	3.20 (1.78–5.74)**		3.20 (1.78–5.73)**		3.28 (1.82–5.90)**
Quartile 4	443	138	11.8 (6.95–20.2)**		11.8 (6.94–20.2)**		12.2 (7.12–21.0)**
Women
Quartile 1	555	18	1 (reference)	<0.001	1 (reference)	<0.001	1 (reference)	<0.001
Quartile 2	562	23	1.32 (0.71–2.45)		1.30 (0.70–2.40)		1.27 (0.68–2.35)
Quartile 3	521	41	2.52 (1.45–4.39)*		2.45 (1.41–4.27)*		2.24 (1.28–3.91)*
Quartile 4	517	130	9.04 (5.52–14.8)**		8.76 (5.35–14.4)**		8.10 (4.92–13.3)**
Prehypertension
Men
Quartile 1	238	12	1 (reference)	<0.001	1 (reference)	<0.001	1 (reference)	<0.001
Quartile 2	246	21	1.66 (0.82–3.38)		1.68 (0.83–3.42)		1.60 (0.79–3.26)
Quartile 3	235	36	3.26 (1.70–6.27)**		3.21 (1.67–6.17)**		3.09 (1.60–5.95)*
Quartile 4	230	99	10.4 (5.72–19.0)**		10.5 (5.75–19.1)**		9.96 (5.44–18.2)**
Women
Quartile 1	213	16	1 (reference)	<0.001	1 (reference)	<0.001	1 (reference)	<0.001
Quartile 2	197	10	0.71 (0.32–1.57)		0.72 (0.33–1.58)		0.70 (0.32–1.54)
Quartile 3	209	28	1.84 (0.99–3.40)		1.83 (0.99–3.39)		1.78 (0.96–3.30)
Quartile 4	199	73	6.16 (3.58–10.6)**		6.13 (3.56–10.5)**		5.84 (3.37–10.1)**

Model 1: adjusted for age

Model 2: adjusted for the variables in model 1 and body mass index, family history of diabetes (yes or no), education (less than high school, high school or equivalent, or college or above), alcohol use (current or non-current), and smoking status (current or non-current)

* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.001