Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients in the cohort and stratified by the occurrence of specific opportunistic illnesses
| Tuberculosis | Esophageal candidiasis | Cerebral toxoplasmosis | PCP | All patientsa | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 177 | N = 100 | N = 70 | N = 55 | N = 2835 | p-value | |
| Incidence rateb (CI 95 %) | 15.3 (13.2, 17.7) | 8.6 (7.1, 10.5) | 6.0 (4.8, 7.6) | 4.8 (367, 6.2) | – | <0.001 |
| Age, median (IQR) | 35.4 (28.4,41.5) | 38.6 (32.6,45) | 33.8 (28.1,40.9) | 39.1 (29.6,45.1) | 35.6 (28.7,42.7) | 0.02 |
| 18–29 years (%) | 50 (28.2) | 15 (15) | 21 (30) | 13 (23.6) | 750 (26.5) | 0.05 |
| 30–39 years (%) | 67 (37.9) | 36 (36) | 27 (38.6) | 13 (23.6) | 1035 (36.5) | |
| 40–49 years (%) | 46 (26) | 34 (34) | 16 (22.9) | 19 (34.5) | 731 (25.8) | |
| 50+ years (%) | 14 (7.9) | 15 (15) | 6 (8.6) | 10 (18.2) | 319 (11.3) | |
| Gender-risk | 0.21 | |||||
| Women | 57 (32.2) | 41 (41) | 27 (38.6) | 11 (20) | 930 (32.8) | |
| Heterossexual men | 59 (33.3) | 27 (27) | 23 (32.9) | 22 (40) | 833 (29.4) | |
| MSM | 61 (34.5) | 32 (32) | 20 (28.6) | 22 (40) | 1072 (37.8) | |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.12 | |||||
| White (%) | 73 (41.2) | 40 (40) | 29 (41.4) | 32 (58.2) | 1415 (49.9) | |
| Non-white (%) | 104 (58.8) | 60 (60) | 41 (58.6) | 23 (41.8) | 1420 (50.1) | |
| Educational level | 0.03 | |||||
| 0–8 years (%) | 117 (66.1) | 66 (66) | 48 (68.6) | 25 (45.5) | 1399 (49.3) | |
| 9+ years (%) | 60 (33.9) | 34 (34) | 22 (31.4) | 30 (54.5) | 1436 (50.7) | |
| Nadir CD4 T-cell count (cells/mm3) | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 107 (48,218) | 74.5 (21,188.2) | 63.5 (20,159.5) | 55 (12,146) | 196 (71,311.5) | 0.002 |
| <50 (%) | 45 (25.4) | 39 (39) | 33 (47.1) | 25 (45.5) | 549 (19.4) | 0.03 |
| 50–199 (%) | 82 (46.3) | 39 (39) | 27 (38.6) | 22 (40) | 898 (31.7) | |
| 200–349 (%) | 40 (22.6) | 17 (17) | 8 (11.4) | 5 (9.1) | 847 (29.9) | |
| 350+ (%) | 10 (5.6) | 5 (5) | 2 (2.9) | 3 (5.5) | 541 (19.1) | |
| Opportunistic illness at enrolmment | 44 (24.9) | 43 (43) | 35 (50) | 21 (38.2) | 211 (7.4) | <0.001 |
| cART use during follow-up (%) | 30 (16.9) | 10 (10) | 12 (17.1) | 8 (14.5) | 1878 (66.2) | 0.43 |
| Time of cART use in yearsc, median (IQR) | 1.1 (0.6,2.7) | 0.8 (0.4,1.3) | 0.6 (0.1,1.6) | 1.7 (1.1,2.1) | 2.2 (0.9,4.1) | 0.32 |
cART combination antiretroviral therapy, PCP Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, HR, hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, MSM men who have sex with men
aIncludes the entire study population
bPer 1000 person-years
cFor those who used cART before end of follow-up