Table 4.
Child Early Health Shocks and Parental Investment in Education
| Dependent variable: Education investment in child i (log) |
Education investment in child j (log) |
Difference in Education investment |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | |
| Early health shocks (i) | −0.142 [0.131] |
0.065 [0.124] |
−0.204*** [0.047] |
| Early health shocks (j) | 0.213 [0.130] |
0.008 [0.123] |
|
| Birth weight: < 2 kg (i) | 0.012 [0.115] |
0.059 [0.110] |
−0.015 [0.039] |
| Birth weight: 2 – 2.5 kg (i) | 0.131 [0.094] |
0.123 [0.089] |
0.016 [0.031] |
| Birth weight: 2.5 – 3kg (i) | 0.007 [0.086] |
0.031 [0.081] |
−0.013 [0.027] |
| Birth weight: < 2kg (j) | −0.143 [0.117] |
0.127 [0.111] |
|
| Birth weight: 2 – 2.5kg (j) | −0.060 [0.091] |
−0.045 [0.087] |
|
| Birth weight: 2.5 – 3kg (j) | −0.098 [0.081] |
−0.103 [0.077] |
|
| Male (i) | −0.042 [0.055] |
−0.014 [0.053] |
−0.024 [0.018] |
| Male (j) | 0.027 [0.055] |
0.008 [0.053] |
|
| Age | 0.083*** [0.010] |
0.088*** [0.009] |
|
| Born at the first parity | 0.042 [0.065] |
0.041 [0.062] |
|
| Maternal age | 0.014** [0.006] |
0.014** [0.006] |
|
| Maternal ethnicity (Han=1) | 0.090 [0.070] |
0.111* [0.066] |
|
| Maternal schooling years | 0.038*** [0.010] |
0.041*** [0.009] |
|
| Maternal working sector (public=1) | 0.083 [0.099] |
0.024 [0.094] |
|
| Rural | −0.150** [0.058] |
−0.184*** [0.055] |
|
| Household asset | 0.130*** [0.018] |
0.124*** [0.017] |
|
| χ2 | 19.39 | 0.70 | |
| p-values | 0.31 | 0.41 | |
| # Pair of twins | 1,456 | 1,456 | 1,456 |
Note: Columns (1) and (2) report the OLS estimates; column (3) reports the within-twin fixed-effect estimates. Standard errors are in brackets;
*
significant at 10%;
**
significant at 5%;
***
significant at 1%.