Altered localization and expression of FOXO1 and NKX6.1 in dedifferentiating β-cells. A, Immunofluorescence of pancreatic islets with FOXO1 (green), NKX6.1 (red), and DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 5 μm. B, Immunofluorescence of pancreatic islets with NKX6.1 (green), insulin (red), and DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 10 μm. C, Proposed model of dedifferentiating β-cells. D–F, qRT-PCR analysis of FOXO1 (D), MAFA (E), and NKX6.1 (F) in isolated human islets. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. **, P < .01; ***, P < .001 by Student's t test (n = 7 for controls, n = 10 diabetes).