Table 2. Prevalence of hypertension by key risk factors.
Frequency | Proportion (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | ||||
35–44 | 385 | 12.1 | 1 | NA |
45–54 | 566 | 23.7 | 2.41 (2.02–2.88) | <0.001 |
55–64 | 790 | 38.6 | 5.67 (4.67–6.88) | <0.001 |
65–74 | 605 | 52.4 | 12.10 (9.56–15.30) | <0.001 |
≥75 | 273 | 55.0 | 16.62 (12.23–22.58) | <0.001 |
Wave | ||||
1991 | 1040 | 23.8 | 1 | NA |
1993 | 117 | 29.9 | 1.25 (0.92–1.71) | 0.2 |
1997 | 501 | 33.5 | 1.38 (1.12–1.71) | 0.003 |
2000 | 229 | 31.5 | 1.14 (0.87–1.50) | 0.3 |
2004 | 311 | 32.5 | 1.20 (0.95–1.52) | 0.1 |
2006 | 133 | 31.7 | 1.23 (0.90–1.66) | 0.2 |
2009 | 288 | 31.5 | 1.36 (1.06–1.74) | 0.02 |
Gender | ||||
Male | 1342 | 30.2 | 1 | NA |
Female | 1277 | 26.5 | 0.66 (0.57–0.77) | <0.001 |
Province | ||||
Liaoning | 420 | 38.1 | 1 | NA |
Heilongjiang | 284 | 36.9 | 0.99 (0.73–1.33) | 0.9 |
Jiangsu | 331 | 30.1 | 0.46 (0.36–0.60) | <0.001 |
Shandong | 410 | 32.4 | 0.63 (0.50–0.81) | <0.001 |
Henan | 286 | 28.5 | 0.58 (0.45–0.75) | <0.001 |
Hubei | 234 | 28.1 | 0.65 (0.50–0.86) | 0.002 |
Hunan | 207 | 23.6 | 0.56 (0.43–0.74) | <0.001 |
Guangxi | 230 | 19.3 | 0.35 (0.26–0.45) | <0.001 |
Guizhou | 217 | 19.4 | 0.36 (0.27–0.47) | <0.001 |
Residency | ||||
Urban | 1225 | 33.3 | 1 | NA |
Rural | 1394 | 24.9 | 0.90 (0.78–1.03) | 0.1 |
BMI | ||||
Normal | 1456 | 23.3 | 1 | NA |
Underweight | 160 | 21.3 | 0.58 (0.46–0.75) | <0.001 |
Overweight | 788 | 41.6 | 2.39 (2.06–2.77) | <0.001 |
Obesity | 225 | 56.1 | 4.25 (3.24–5.58) | <0.001 |
Smoke | ||||
No or used | 1754 | 29.0 | 1 | NA |
Current smoker | 810 | 26.5 | 0.83 (0.72–0.97) | 0.02 |
Alcohol use frequency | ||||
No | 1607 | 28.2 | 1 | NA |
No more than 2 times a week | 428 | 24.1 | 0.93 (0.79–1.11) | 0.4 |
More than 2 times a week | 530 | 32.4 | 1.29 (1.07–1.54) | 0.007 |
Have health insurance | ||||
No | 1431 | 24.6 | 1 | NA |
Yes | 1181 | 34.5 | 1.15 (0.99–1.32) | 0.06 |
Education | ||||
No graduated from primary school | 1070 | 30.5 | 1 | NA |
Graduated from primary school | 517 | 25.9 | 0.90 (0.75–1.07) | 0.2 |
Graduated from middle or school | 700 | 25.2 | 1.04 (0.87–1.24) | 0.7 |
Tertiary education | 207 | 29.3 | 0.72 (0.55–0.94) | 0.02 |
Quintiles of income | ||||
1 | 486 | 22.5 | 1 | NA |
2 | 383 | 24.6 | 1.10 (0.90–1.36) | 0.4 |
3 | 597 | 32.0 | 1.25 (1.03–1.52) | 0.03 |
4 | 550 | 30.0 | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) | 0.7 |
5 | 590 | 33.0 | 0.98 (0.78–1.25) | 0.9 |