FIGURE 3:

cnk4 loses flagellar maintenance by forming flagellar bulges and balloons. (A) Cells were synchronized by using light/dark cycles under 5% CO₂. cnk4 cells exhibited early onset of cell division, and the daughter cells were released upon lighting, whereas wt cells released daughter cells after completion of cell division. (B) DIC images of cnk4 cells show distinct flagellar phenotypes. The flagellar bulges and balloons are marked as arrows and arrowheads, respectively. Bar, 10 μm. (C) Quantification of different types of flagella after cells were released in the light period. F, flagella. (D, E) Movie stills showing flagellar bulge formation (D) and flagellar curling at the bulge formation site (E). Arrows mark the bulges. Note that the distal flagellum to the bulge is retracted into the bulge. Bars, 10 μm.