. 2016 Mar 7;31(Suppl 1):28–35. doi: 10.1007/s11606-015-3568-z

Table 2.

Standardized (z-score) Measure Complexity and Difficulty Ratings, and Results of Analyses of Variance across Measures/Care Areas

Clinical performance (EPRP) measure	n of tasks	Measure complexity ratings (FJA Scales)										Measure difficulty		Measure difficulty by care area
Clinical performance (EPRP) measure	Scale →	P	T	D	WI	R	M	L	WT	WINT	HEC	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Care area: chronic care following AMI
1. Aspirin at most recent visit	7	0.49	−0.07	0.33	0.57	0.27	0.94	0.38	0.49	0.17	0.87^a	0.44	0.47	0.45^a	0.56
2. Beta blockers at most recent visit	11	0.58	0.18	0.29	0.39	0.44	0.96^a	0.27	0.58	0.29	0.53	0.45^a	0.63
Care area: screening
3. Breast cancer	15	−0.05	−0.28	−0.09	−0.01	−0.01	−0.44^b	0.06	0.15	−0.60	−0.22	−0.15	0.53	−0.05^b	0.62
4. Cervical cancer	25	−0.49	0.10	−0.34	−0.39	−0.50	−0.41^b	−0.43	−0.42	−0.41	−0.62^b	−0.39^b	0.59
5a. Colorectal cancer - colonoscopy	24	−0.01	0.24	0.01	0.01	0.09	−0.05	−0.06	−0.15	−0.02	0.44^a	0.05	0.60
5b. Colorectal cancer – flex. sig.	19	0.00	0.05	0.09	−0.14	−0.01	−0.13	0.07	−0.10	0.05	0.29	0.02	0.59
6. Major depressive disorder	9	0.42	−0.16	0.48	0.78	0.59	0.36	0.51	0.42	0.59	0.97^a	0.50^a	0.53
7. Tobacco use (Past 12 Months)	5	0.40	−0.19	0.48	0.19	0.16	0.27	0.38	0.63	0.03	0.29	0.26	0.50
Care area: diabetes mellitus / hypertension
8. Dx HTN and BP >160/100 or not recorded	7	0.33	0.14	0.33	0.43	0.38	0.33	0.04	0.49	0.62	−0.20	0.29	0.77	−0.04^b	0.65
9. BP >160/100 or not done	7	0.33	0.14	0.33	0.43	0.38	0.33	0.04	0.49	0.62	−0.20	0.29	0.77
10. Foot inspection	6	−0.56	0.24	0.12	−0.39	0.16	−0.23	0.18	0.15	−0.55	−0.17	−0.10	0.44
11. Foot-pedal pulses	6	−0.56	0.24	0.12	−0.39	0.16	−0.23	0.18	0.15	−0.55	−0.17	−0.10	0.44
12. HbA1c >11 or none past year	11	0.18	−0.34	−0.01	0.13	0.01	0.19	−0.05	−0.28	0.15	−0.34	−0.04	0.68
13. HbA1c <9 (Good Control)	11	0.18	−0.34	−0.01	0.13	0.01	0.19	−0.05	−0.28	0.15	−0.34	−0.04	0.68
14. HbA1c annual	8	−0.24	−0.30	−0.33	−0.27	−0.33	−0.05	−0.21	−0.45	0.11	−0.57	−0.26	0.66
15. Lipid profile every 2 years	9	−0.32	−0.32	−0.48	−0.39	−0.37	−0.11	−0.15	−0.38	0.24	−0.55	−0.28	0.63
Care area: immunization
16. Influenza (Immunization)	5	−0.05	0.38	−0.16	−0.20	−0.31	−0.58	−0.09	0.15	0.03	0.15	−0.07	0.38	−0.06^a,b	0.36
17. Pneumococcal (Immunization)	5	0.18	0.38	−0.38	−0.39	−0.31	−0.58	−0.09	0.15	0.03	0.42	−0.06	0.39
Between-measures ANOVA for complexity scales	F _{(17, 172)*}	1.30	0.58	0.77	1.29	1.06	2.06	0.62	1.40	1.47	3.02	2.17		3.57
Between-measures ANOVA for complexity scales	p-value	0.20	0.90	0.72	0.21	0.40	0.01	0.87	0.14	0.11	0.0001	0.006		0.015

^a FJA Functional Job Analysis, EPRP External Peer-Review Program, Avg average, Dx diagnosis, Flex Sig flexible sigmoidoscopy, HTN hypertension, Bp blood pressure, P People, T Things, D Data, WI Worker Instructions, R Reasoning, M Math, L Language, WT Worker Technology, WINT Worker Interaction, HEC Human Error Consequence. Higher numbers indicate greater complexity

^bWithin a single column of scores, values with superscripts of different letters (depicted in bold) are significantly different from one another. For example, measures of chronic care post-acute myocardial infarction (superscript a) are significantly higher in measure difficulty than diabetes measures (superscript b); however, immunization measures (superscripts a,b) do not significantly differ from others in measure difficulty. Unbolded items do not statistically differ from each other or from the bolded items

* F(3, 186) for the ANOVA by care area