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. 2016 Mar 23;7:326. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00326

Figure 3.

Figure 3

IAV isolates with a high content of DVGs induce stronger antiviral responses in infected cells. (A) A549 cells were infected with live, attenuated influenza vaccines at 2.5 fluorescent focus units (FFU) per cell for 24 h. Expression of IFNB1, IFNL1 (IL29), and IFIT1 (ISG56) was examined by RT-qPCR and is shown as copy number relative to the housekeeping genes β-actin and GAPDH. The numbers under each histogram bar correspond to one influenza vaccine isolate (NR-17600, NR-21987, or NR-36465) (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 by one-way ANOVA post Bonferroni's multiple comparisons). (B) A/California/7/2009 viruses with low DVGs (LD) and high DVGs (HD) content were used to infected A549 cells (MOI = 0.5). Gene expression was analyzed after 24 h (**p < 0.01 by two-tailed t-test). All error bars indicate mean ± SEM of three independent experiments.