Table 3.
Diabetes empowerment sub-dimensions among adults with T2DM, N = 300
| Diabetes empowerment process | Strongly agree | Agree | Disagree | Strongly disagree | Neutral | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | F | % | n | % | ||
| Managing the Psychosocial Aspects of Diabetes | |||||||||||
| know the positive ways I cope with diabetes-related stress. | 35 | 11.67 | 77 | 25.67 | 38 | 12.67 | 137 | 45.67 | 13 | 4.33 | |
| can cope well with diabetes-related stress. | 33 | 11.00 | 101 | 33.67 | 39 | 13.00 | 119 | 39.67 | 8 | 2.67 | |
| know where I can get support for having and caring for my diabetes. | 33 | 11.00 | 79 | 26.33 | 51 | 17.00 | 118 | 39.33 | 19 | 6.33 | |
| can ask for support for having and caring for my diabetes when I need it. | 21 | 7.00 | 93 | 31.00 | 36 | 12.00 | 142 | 47.33 | 8 | 2.67 | |
| can support myself in dealing with my diabetes. | 17 | 5.67 | 95 | 31.67 | 32 | 10.67 | 151 | 50.33 | 5 | 1.67 | |
| know what helps me stay motivated to care for my diabetes. | 31 | 10.33 | 95 | 31.67 | 26 | 8.67 | 144 | 48.00 | 4 | 1.33 | |
| can motivate myself to care for my diabetes. | 29 | 9.67 | 98 | 32.67 | 28 | 9.33 | 141 | 47.00 | 4 | 1.33 | |
| know enough about diabetes to make self-care choices that are right for me. | 34 | 11.33 | 100 | 33.33 | 27 | 9.00 | 134 | 44.67 | 5 | 1.67 | |
| know enough about myself as a person to make diabetes care choices that are right for me. | 21 | 7.00 | 105 | 35.00 | 31 | 10.33 | 135 | 45.00 | 8 | 2.67 | |
| Assessing Dissatisfaction and Readiness to Change | |||||||||||
| know what part(s) of taking care of my diabetes that I am satisfied with. | 15 | 5.00 | 65 | 21.67 | 38 | 12.67 | 141 | 47.00 | 41 | 13.67 | |
| know what part(s) of taking care of my diabetes that I am dissatisfied with. | 17 | 5.67 | 164 | 54.67 | 29 | 9.67 | 66 | 22.00 | 24 | 8.00 | |
| know what part(s) of taking care of my diabetes that I am ready to change. | 22 | 7.33 | 65 | 21.67 | 29 | 9.67 | 174 | 58.00 | 10 | 3.33 | |
| know what part(s) of taking care of my diabetes that I am not ready to change. | 5 | 1.67 | 182 | 60.67 | 27 | 9.00 | 61 | 20.33 | 25 | 8.33 | |
| can tell how I’m feeling about having diabetes. | 37 | 12.33 | 76 | 25.33 | 57 | 19.00 | 114 | 38.00 | 16 | 5.33 | |
| can tell how I’m feeling about caring for my diabetes | 34 | 11.33 | 68 | 22.67 | 37 | 12.33 | 135 | 45.00 | 26 | 8.67 | |
| know the ways that having diabetes causes stress in my life. | 33 | 11.00 | 69 | 23.00 | 36 | 12.00 | 144 | 48.00 | 18 | 6.00 | |
| know the negative ways I cope with diabetes-related stress. | 11 | 3.67 | 121 | 40.33 | 43 | 14.33 | 89 | 29.67 | 36 | 12.00 | |
| how care am able to figure out if it is worth my while to change how I take care of my diabetes. | 26 | 8.67 | 97 | 32.33 | 32 | 10.67 | 136 | 45.33 | 9 | 3.00 | |
| Setting and Achieving Diabetes Goals | n | % | n | % | n | % | F | % | n | % | |
| can choose realistic diabetes goals. | 38 | 12.67 | 93 | 31.00 | 33 | 11.00 | 130 | 43.33 | 6 | 2.00 | |
| know which of my diabetes goals are most important to me. | 34 | 11.33 | 113 | 37.67 | 27 | 9.00 | 123 | 41.00 | 3 | 1.00 | |
| know the things about myself that either help or prevent me from reaching my diabetes goals. | 35 | 11.67 | 107 | 35.67 | 28 | 9.33 | 127 | 42.33 | 3 | 1.00 | |
| can come up with good ideas to help me reach my goals. | 33 | 11.00 | 114 | 38.00 | 31 | 10.33 | 119 | 39.67 | 3 | 1.00 | |
| am able to turn my diabetes goals into a workable plan. | 27 | 9.00 | 116 | 38.67 | 29 | 9.67 | 122 | 40.67 | 6 | 2.00 | |
| can reach my diabetes goals once I make up my mind. | 20 | 6.67 | 110 | 36.67 | 37 | 12.33 | 123 | 41.00 | 10 | 3.33 | |
| know which barriers make reaching my diabetes goals more difficult. | 46 | 15.33 | 89 | 29.67 | 39 | 13.00 | 121 | 40.33 | 5 | 1.67 | |
| can think of different ways to overcome barriers to my diabetes goals | 28 | 9.33 | 69 | 23.00 | 79 | 26.33 | 123 | 41.00 | 1 | 0.33 | |
| can try out different ways of overcoming barriers to my diabetes goals. | 60 | 20.00 | 62 | 20.67 | 49 | 16.33 | 126 | 42.00 | 3 | 1.00 | |
| am able to decide which way of overcoming barriers to my diabetes goals works best for me. | 34 | 11.33 | 74 | 24.67 | 48 | 16.00 | 136 | 45.33 | 8 | 2.67 | |