Table 2.

Data Collection for Outcome Measures

Outcome	Test	Measurement
Primary outcome measures	Physical activity	Measured by the 16-item Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) [57]
	Diet	Dietary intake assessed using the Rapid Eating and Activity Assessment for Participants Short Version (REAP-S) [58]
	Medication adherence	Measured with the 8-item self-report Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) [59]
	Self-monitoring behavior	Measured with the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale [60]
Secondary outcome measures	HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)	Blood specimens obtained at baseline, 2.5 and 6.5 months visits
	Blood pressure (BP) measurements	An average of three BP readings done in 2-minute intervals obtained at baseline, 2.5 and 6.5 months by a trained RA using automated BP monitors (OMRON IntelliSenseTM HEM-907XL) with the patient seated comfortably for 5 minutes prior to the measurements
	Cardiovascular disease risk	Framingham Risk Score (FRS) estimates the 10-year risk of “hard” coronary heart disease outcomes (myocardial infarction, death) [45]
	Quality of life	The SF-12 is a valid and reliable instrument to measure functional status and will be used to assess quality of life at baseline, 2, and 6 months assessments. The SF-12 items reproduce at least 90 % of the variance in PCS-36 and MCS-36 scores [49]