Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients with and without DM .
| Variables | All (N = 2766) | DM (N = 1000) | Non-DM (N = 1766) | p-value |
| Age (year) (mean ± SD) | 62.9 ± 13.3 | 65.1 ± 11.9 | 61.7 ± 14 | < 0.001 |
| Sex, male (%) | 2173 (78.6) | 698 (69.8) | 1475 (83.5) | < 0.001 |
| Killip Class ≥ III | 447 (20.2) | 208 (26.9) | 239 (16.6) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 1785 (64.8) | 769 (77.2) | 1016 (57.8) | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 1101 (40) | 508 (51) | 593 (33.8) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking (%) | 1598 (58.7) | 488 (49.5) | 1110 (64) | < 0.001 |
| Prior CAD (%) | 696 (25.2) | 343 (34.3) | 353 (20) | < 0.001 |
| Prior PCI (%) | 483 (46.8) | 234 (51.3) | 249 (43.2) | 0.01 |
| Prior CABG (%) | 75 (7.3) | 47 (10.3) | 28 (4.9) | 0.001 |
| Prior MI (%) | 278 (27.1) | 131 (28.7) | 147 (25.8) | 0.30 |
| Prior stroke (%) | 258 (9.3) | 127 (12.7) | 131 (7.4) | < 0.001 |
| Prior PAD (%) | 65 (2.3) | 40 (4) | 25 (1.4) | < 0.001 |
| Previous heart failure (%) | 146 (5.3) | 83 (8.3) | 63 (3.6) | < 0.001 |
| Family history (%) | 485 (23) | 163 (22.2) | 322 (23.4) | 0.55 |
| Blood pressure (mmHg) (mean ± SD) | ||||
| SBP | 139.2 ± 32.8 | 140.5 ± 33.4 | 138.4 ± 32.4 | 0.11 |
| DBP | 81.4 ± 20.8 | 79.8 ± 21.2 | 82.3 ± 20.6 | 0.003 |
| Heart rate (bpm) (mean ± SD) | 81.9 ± 22 | 86.6 ± 23.6 | 79.3 ± 20.5 | < 0.001 |
| Rapid troponin (mean ± SD) | 6 ± 28.5 | 5.3 ± 20.3 | 6.5 ± 32.3 | 0.52 |
| Height (cm) (mean ± SD) | 164 ± 7.8 | 162.9 ± 8 | 164.6 ± 7.7 | < 0.001 |
| Weight (kg) (mean ± SD) | 68.4 ± 12.7 | 67.8 ± 12.9 | 68.7 ± 12.6 | 0.07 |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 25.2 (4.8) | 25.1 (4.9) | 25.2 (4.7) | 0.78 |
| Waist circumference (cm), median (IQR) | 90 (11) | 91 (12.8) | 89 (11) | 0.004 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) (mean ± SD) | 1.6 ± 1.8 | 2 ± 2.2 | 1.4 ± 1.6 | < 0.001 |
| Dialysis (%) | 108 (3.9) | 77 (7.7) | 31 (1.8) | < 0.001 |
| White cell count (mean ± SD) | 10.5 ± 4.5 | 10.6 ± 4.9 | 10.4 ± 4.3 | 0.28 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) (mean ± SD) | 178.5 ± 46.6 | 173.8 ± 49.4 | 181.2 ± 44.7 | < 0.001 |
| HDL (mg/dl) (mean ± SD) | 39.6 ± 24 | 37.7 ± 19.7 | 40.6 ± 26 | 0.006 |
| LDL (mg/dl) (mean ± SD) | 112.3 ± 37.4 | 105.6 ± 37.7 | 115.9 ± 36.7 | < 0.001 |
| TG (mg/dl) (mean ± SD) | 142.8 ± 105.6 | 164.5 ± 126.6 | 130.7 ± 89.8 | < 0.001 |
| STEMI (%) | 1449 (52.4) | 437 (43.7) | 1012 (57.3) | < 0.001 |
| NSTEMI (%) | 956 (34.6) | 411 (41.1) | 545 (30.9) | < 0.001 |
| Unstable angina (%) | 357 (12.9) | 152 (15.2) | 205 (11.6) | 0.007 |
| Length of hospital stay (day) (mean ± SD) | 8.2 ± 10.3 | 10 ± 14 | 7.2 ± 7.2 | < 0.001 |
a. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. b. Independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test.
Hypertension is defined as systolic pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure ≥ 90 mmHg; dyslipidemia is defined as elevated total or LDL cholesterol levels, or low levels of HDL cholesterol; smoking is defined as current and former smokers; coronary artery disease is defined as known coronary stenosis > 50%.
BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CAD, coronary artery disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; MI, myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; PAD, peripheral artery disease; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; TG: triglyceride.