Figure 4.
Effects of andrographolide on LPS-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cerebral endothelial cell (CEC)s. Cerebral endothelial (2 × 105) cells were pretreated with the vehicle (DMSO, 0. 1%, v/v) or andro (10 and 20 mM) for 3 hr and then stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (50 μg/mL) for 24 h. Cell lysates were obtained and analyzed for (A) COX-2 and (B) iNOS protein expressions by Western blotting. a-tubulin is used as an internal control. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. * p < 0.001 compared with the resting group, # p < 0.001, compared with the vehicle group.