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. 2016 Feb 15;13(4):2981–2990. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4891

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Copyright: © Choi et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Effect of treadmill exercise on the proliferation of neural progenitor cells in the SGZ after CCH. (A) Representative photomicrograph of DCX or BrdU immunostaining showing proliferating cells in the SGZ area 7 weeks after 2VO surgery. DCX and BrdU coexpression in the SGZ is depicted as yellow staining after merging green (DCX) and red (BrdU) images. Arrows indicate cells showing double-staining for DCX and BrdU. Scale bars, 50 µm. (B) BrdU⁺, DCX⁺, and DCX⁺ and BrdU⁺ cells were counted in the hippocampal brain sections. Results are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean, n=8. *P<0.05, ^***P<0.001 vs. SC; ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01, ^###P<0.001 vs. 2VO. SC, sham-surgery group; SC+EX, sham-surgery group subjected to treadmill exercise (15 m/min, 30 min/day for 4 weeks); 2VO, 2VO surgery group; 2VO+EX, 2VO-surgery group subjected to treadmill exercise (15 m/min, 30 min/day for 4 weeks); SGZ, subgranular zone; CCH, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion; BrdU, 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine; DCX, doublecortin.