Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Cohort.
| Total (n = 133) | LGS (n = 39) | Not LGS (n = 94) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (M/F) | 72/61 | 17/22 | 55/39 | 0.25 |
| Hispanic ethnicity (n, percent) | 7 (5) | 1 (2) | 6 (6) | 0.67 |
| Race (n, percent) | ||||
| White | 96 (75) | 26 (68) | 70 (78) | 0.27 |
| Black | 15 (12) | 6 (16) | 9 (10) | |
| Asian | 10 (8) | 5 (13) | 5 (5) | |
| Other or Unknown | 7 (5) | 1 (3) | 6 (7) | |
| Age at seizure onset (years; median, range) | 1 (<1–13) | 0.5 (<1–7) | 1.5 (<1–13) | 0.02 |
| Age at RFM initiation (years; median, range) | 10 (0.9–25.7) | 11.3 (2.1–23.5) | 10 (0.9–25.7) | 0.53 |
| Duration of follow up (months; median, range) | 20 (1–30) | 23 (9–30) | 19 (1–27) | 0.01 |
| Start time of RFM | 0.12 | |||
| January–June 2009 | 64 (48) | 25 (64) | 39 (41) | |
| July–December 2009 | 30 (23) | 7 (18) | 23 (24) | |
| January–June 2010 | 30 (23) | 6 (15) | 24 (26) | |
| July–December 2010 | 9 (7) | 1 (3) | 8 (9) | |
| Mode of onset | ||||
| Focal (n, percent) | 31 (23) | – | 31 (32) | – |
| Generalized (n, percent) | 49 (37) | 19 (49) | 30 (32) | – |
| Both Focal and Generalized (n, percent) | 50 (38) | 20 (51) | 30 (32) | – |
| Undetermined (n, percent) | 3 (2) | – | 3 (3) | – |
| Number of seizure types (median, range) | 2 (1–6) | 3 (1–6) | 2 (1–4) | 0.002 |
| AEDs prior to RFM (median, range) | 6 (2–13) | 4 (2–13) | 7 (2–13) | 0.11 |
| Patients with atonic seizures (n, percent) | 47 (35) | 26 (67) | 21 (22) | <0.001 |
| Patients with tonic seizures (n, percent) | 40 (30) | 20 (51) | 20 (21) | <0.001 |
| Fast titration (n, percent) | 39 (29) | 11 (28) | 28 (30) | 0.56 |
| Maximum RFM dose (mg/kg/day; median, range) | 45 (4–105) | 49 (4–84) | 44 (6–105) | 0.22 |
| Concurrent AEDs at RFM start (median, range) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 0.65 |
| Patients on concurrent valproate (n, percent) | 36 (27) | 8 (21) | 28 (30) | 0.15 |
| Patients on the ketogenic diet (n, percent) | 17 (13) | 1 (3) | 16 (17) | 0.18 |
| Patients with vagus nerve stimulator (n, percent) | 41 (31) | 15 (38) | 26 (27) | 0.32 |