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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 13.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroscience. 2016 Feb 22;322:129–137. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.035

Figure 4. Caffeine attenuated MPTP-induced striatal dopamine loss in both WT and astrocyte-directed A2AR cKO mice.

Figure 4

Saline or Caffeine (25 mg/kg ip) was administered 10 min before saline or MPTP (35 mg/kg ip single injection). Striatal dopamine was determined one week after drug treatments. N=3–6 for saline treatments and N=9–20 for MPTP treatments. Bars represent striatal dopamine levels (mean ± SEM) calculated as percentage of their respective control (i.e., saline + saline treatment group). Statistically significant differences among the means of dopamine content in MPTP treated mice were determined by a two-way analysis of variance followed by Fisher’s Least Significant Difference test. There is a significant difference in caffeine versus saline treated groups (F[1,51]=17.69, p=0.0001). *p<0.05, ***p<0.001 compared with respective S+M group.