Histomorphological assessment of soft and mineralized tissue formation in the micropatterned PDL and 3D printed bone scaffold compartments, respectively. (a) H&E, Masson's trichrome, and DAPI (blue)/tubulin(green) staining was performed to assess bone (B) and tissue formation, collagen alignment, and cellular alignment in the region of the PCL film or sponge at 3 and 6 weeks (images shown are at 6 week timepoint only). Note the formation of fibers approaching the dentin surface and bone more distant in the bone region of the scaffold (near bottom of the H&E sections). (b) Formation of cementum-like tissue newly-deposited at the dentin (D) surface was observed on week 6 samples using H&E staining and immunohistochemical analysis for bone sialoprotein (BSP) positive expression. Scale bar = 100um.