Table 3.
Microorganisms isolated from some common and uncommon fermented vegetable products of the world.
| Product | Substrate/Raw materials | Sensory property and nature | Microorganisms | Country | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burong mustala | Mustard | Acidic, wet | Lb. brevis, Ped. cerevisiae | Philippines | Rhee et al., 2011 |
| Cucumbers (fermented) | Cucumbers | Acidic, wet, pickle | Leuc. mesenteroides, Ped. cerevisiae, Ped. acidilactici, Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis | Europe, USA, Canada | Pederson, 1979 |
| Dha muoi | Mustard and beet, eggplant | Acidic, wet | Lb. fermentum, Lb. pentosus, Lb. plantarum, Ped. pentosaceus, Lb. brevis, Lb. paracasei, Lb. pantheris, Ped. acidilactici | Vietnam | Nguyen et al., 2013a |
| Ekung | Bamboo shoot | Acidic, sour, soft, curry | Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Lb. casei, Tor. halophilus | India | Tamang and Tamang, 2009 |
| Eup | Bamboo shoot | Acidic, sour, dry, curry | Lb. plantarum, Lb. fermentum, Lb. brevis, Lb. curvatus, Ped. pentosaceus, Leuc. mesenteroides, Leuc. fallax, Leuc. lactis, Leuc. citreum, Ent. durans | India | Tamang and Tamang, 2009 |
| Fu-tsai | Mustard | Acidic, sour | Ent. faecalis, Lb. alimentarius, Lb. brevis, Lb. coryniformis, Lb. farciminis, Lb. plantarum, Lb. versmoldensis, Leuc. citreum, Leuc. mesenteroides, Leuc. pseudomesenteroides, Ped. pentosaceus, W. cibaria, W. paramesenteroides | Taiwan | Chao et al., 2009, 2012 |
| Goyang | Wild vegetable | Acidic, sour, wet, soup | Lb. plantarum, L. brevis, Lc. lactis, Ent. faecium, Ped. pentosaceus, Candida sp. | India, Nepal | Tamang and Tamang, 2007 |
| Gundruk | Leafy vegetable | Acidic, sour, dry, soup, side-dish | Lb. fermentum, Lb. plantarum, Lb. casei, Lb. casei subsp. pseudoplantarum, Ped. pentosaceus | India, Nepal, Bhutan | Karki et al., 1983; Tamang et al., 2005 |
| Hirring | Bamboo shoot tips | Acidic, sour, wet, pickle | Lb. brevis, Lb. plantarum, Lb. curvatus, Ped. pentosaceus, Leuc. mesenteroides, Leuc. fallax, Leuc. lactis, Leuc. citreum, Ent. durans, Lc. lactis | India | Tamang and Tamang, 2009 |
| Hom-dong | Red onion | Fermented red onion | Leuc. mesenteroides, Ped. cerevisiae, Lb. plantarum, Lb. fermentum, Lb. buchneri | Thailand | Phithakpol et al., 1995 |
| Jiang-gua | Cucumber | Fermented cucumber, pickle | Ent. casseliflavus, Leuc. lactis, Leuc. mesenteroides, Lb. pentosus, Lb. plantarum, Lb. paraplantarum, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis, W. cibaria, W. hellenica | Taiwan | Chen et al., 2012 |
| Jiang-sun | Bamboo shoot, salt, sugar, douchi (fermented soybeans) | Fermented bamboo; side dish | Lb. plantarum, Ent. faecium, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis | Taiwan | Chen et al., 2010 |
| Khalpi | Cucumber | Acidic, sour, wet, pickle | Lb. brevis, Lb. plantarum, Ped. pentosaceus, Ped. acidilactici, Leuc. fallax | India, Nepal | Tamang et al., 2005; Tamang and Tamang, 2010 |
| Kimchi | Cabbage, green onion, hot pepper, ginger | Acidic, mild-sour, wet, side-dish | Leuc. mesenteroides, Leuc. citreum, Leuc. gasicomitatum, Leuc. kimchii, Leuc. inhae, W. koreensis, W. kimchii, W. cibaria, Lb. plantarum, Lb. sakei, Lb. delbrueckii, Lb. buchneri, Lb. brevis, Lb. fermentum, Ped. acidilactici, Ped. pentosaceus, Lc. Lactis, yeasts species of Candida, Halococcus, Haloterrigena, Kluyveromyces, Lodderomyces, Natrialba, Natronococcus, Pichia, Saccharomyces, Sporisorium and Trichosporon | Korea | Chang et al., 2008; Nam et al., 2009; Jung et al., 2011 |
| Naw-mai-dong | Bamboo shoots | Acidic, wet | Leuc. mesenteroides, Ped. cerevisiae, Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Lb. fermentum, Lb. buchneri | Thailand | Phithakpol et al., 1995 |
| Mesu | Bamboo shoot | Acidic, sour, wet | Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Lb. curvatus, Leu, citreum, Ped. pentosaceus | India, Nepal, Bhutan | Tamang et al., 2008 |
| Oiji | Cucumber, salt, water | Fermented cucumber | Leuc. mesenteroides, Lb. brevis, Lb. plantarum, Ped. cerevisiae | Korea | Alexandraki et al., 2013 |
| Olives (fermented) | Olive | Acidic, wet, Salad, side dish | Leuc. mesenteroides, Ped. pentosaceus; Lb. plantarum Lb. pentosus/Lb. plantarum, Lb. paracollinoides, Lb. vaccinostercus/Lb. suebicus and Pediococcus sp. non-lactics (Gordonia sp./Pseudomonas sp., Halorubrum orientalis, Halosarcina pallid, Sphingomonas sp./Sphingobium sp./Sphingopyxis sp., Thalassomonas agarivorans) and yeasts (Candida cf. apicola, Pichia sp., Pic. manshurica/Pic. galeiformis, Sacch. cerevisiae) | USA, Spain, Portugal, Peru, Chile | Abriouel et al., 2011 |
| Pak-gard-dong | Leafy vegetable, salt, boiled rice | Acidic, wet, side dish | Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Ped. cerevisiae | Thailand | Phithakpol et al., 1995 |
| Pak-sian-dong | Leaves of Gynandropis pentaphylla | Acidic, wet, side dish | Leuc. mesenteroides, Ped. cerevisiae, Lb. plantarum, Lb. germentum, Lb. buchneri | Thailand | Phithakpol et al., 1995 |
| Pao cai | Cabbage | Sweet and sour rather than spicy, Breakfast | Lb. pentosus, Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Lb. lactis, Lb. fermentum, and Leuc. mesenteroides, and Ped. pentosaceus | China | Yan et al., 2008 |
| Sauerkraut | Cabbage | Acidic, sour, wet, salad, side dish | Leuc. mesenteroides, Ped. pentosaceus; Lb. brevis, Lb. plantarum, Lb. sakei | Europe, USA, Canada, Australia | Johanningsmeier et al., 2007 |
| Sayur asin | Mustard leaves, cabbage, salt, coconut | Acidic, sour, wet, salad | Leuc. mesenteroides, Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Lb. confuses, Ped. pentosaceus. | Indonesia | Puspito and Fleet, 1985 |
| Soibum | Bamboo shoot | Acidic, sour, soft, curry | Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Lb. coryniformis, Lb. delbrueckii, Leuc. fallax, Leuc. Lact. lactis, Leuc. mesenteroides, Ent. durans, Strep. lactis, B. subtilis, B. lichniformis, B. coagulans, B. cereus, B. pumilus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Saccharomyces sp., Torulopsis sp. | India | Tamang et al., 2008; Jeyaram et al., 2010 |
| Soidon | Bamboo shoot tips | Acidic, sour, soft, curry | Lb. brevis, Lb. plantarum, uncultured Lb. acetotolera, Leuc. fallax, Leuc. citreumns, Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris, Weissella cibaria, uncultured W. ghanensis | India | Tamang et al., 2008; Romi et al., 2015 |
| Sinki | Radish tap-root | Acidic, sour, dry, soup, pickle | Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Lb. casei, Leuc. fallax | India, Nepal, Bhutan | Tamang and Sarkar, 1993; Tamang et al., 2005 |
| Suan-cai | Vegetables | Acidic, sour, wet | Ped. pentosaceus, Tetragenococcus halophilus | China | Chen et al., 2006 |
| Suan-tsai | Mustard | Acidic, sour, dry | Ent. faecalis, Lb. alimentarius, Lb. brevis, Lb. coryniformis, Lb. farciminis, Lb. plantarum, Lb. versmoldensis, Leuc. citreum, Leuc. mesenteroides, Leuc. pseudomesenteroides, Ped. pentosaceus, W. cibaria, W. paramesenteroides | Taiwan | Chao et al., 2009 |
| Sunki | Turnip | Acidic, sour, wet | Lb. plantarum, Lb. fermentum, Lb. delbrueckii, Lb. parabuchneri, Lb. kisonensis, Lb. otakiensis, Lb. rapi, Lb. sunkii | Japan | Endo et al., 2008; Watanabe et al., 2009a |
| Takuanzuke | Japanese radish, salt, sugar, Shochu | Pickle radish | Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Leuc. mesenteroides, Streptococcus sp., Pediococcus sp., yeasts | Japan | Alexandraki et al., 2013 |
| Tuaithur | Bamboo shoot | Solid, wet, sour, curry | Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Ped. pentosaceou, Lc. lactis, Bacillus circulans, B. firmus, B. sphaericus, B. subtilis | India | Chakrabarty et al., 2014 |