Table 2. Linear-mixed models assessing the effects of C. cylindracea, land-based and sea-based cumulative human impacts on recovering assemblages.

(A) percentage cover of encrusting algae, turfs and sessile invertebrates; (B) total cover and species richness. Coefficients, standard errors (SE) and p-values are reported for fixed effects, while variance (σ²) and standard deviation (SD) are reported for random effects. Analyses of encrusting algae, sessile invertebrates and total cover are on log-transformed data.

A) Morphological groups
	Encrusting algae			Algal turfs			Sessile invertebrates
Fixed effects	Estimate	SE	P	Estimate	SE	P	Estimate	SE	P
Intercept	1.972	1.234	0.140	91.61	57.59	0.143	0.805	0.597	0.201
−C. cylindracea = −C	−0.657	0.867	0.451	2.23	36.37	0.951	−0.649	0.567	0.256
Land-based score = L	−0.118	0.094	0.239	4.01	4.41	0.385	−0.167	0.046	0.003
Sea-based score = S	−0.161	0.280	0.578	−13.86	13.06	0.314	−0.008	0.136	0.956
−C. × L	−0.136	0.066	0.044	7.32	2.78	0.010	−0.060	0.043	0.171
−C. × S	0.209	0.197	0.291	−2.93	8.25	0.724	0.191	0.129	0.142
Random effects	σ2	SD		σ2	SD		σ2	SD
Site	0.083	0.288		192.2	13.86		0.014	0.119
Residual	0.136	0.369		239.4	15.47		0.058	0.241