Table 2.

Metrics of the timing of GV

Metric	Formula	Meaning
SD of the BG rate of change	, where is the BG rate of change at time (i) and is the average BG rate of change	Variation of the speed of BG fluctuation; particularly applicable to BG readings that are equally spaced in time, such as CGM data
MODD	, where k is the number of available data pairs 24-h apart	Intraday GV computed from all 24-h time intervals where paired readings are available at the beginning and at the end of 24 h
CONGA	, where D(t) is the difference between BG at time t and BG taken n hours earlier, and is the average of these differences	MAGE exceeding the SD of GV

In all formulas, x = BG level.