Table 1. Acute mallet finger main series results.
| Author | Year | Level of evidence (I-V) | Case (n) | Treatment | Results | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crawford EGFP (%) | DIP extension deficit (°) | Complications | |||||
| Stark et al. [9] | 1987 | - | 36 | Trans DIP K-wire+ORIF with K-wire | - | 2 | 0 |
| Bauze and Bain [62] | 1999 | - | 10 | Suture+ORIF with K-wire | - | 5 | 2 Nail deformities, 1 superficial infection, 1 pin track infection |
| Takami et al. [63] | 2000 | - | 33 | Trans DIP K-wire+ORIF with K-wire | - | 4 | 6 Slight osteoarthritis, 1 bone fragmentation |
| Tetik and Gudemez [47] | 2002 | - | 17 | Extension block modified | E17 | 1,6 | 0 |
| Pegoli et al. [49] | 2003 | - | 69 | Ishiguro | E30, G21, F13, P1 | 1 Pin tract infection, 2 nail deformities | |
| Kronlage and Faust [3] | 2004 | - | 12 | Screw fixation | - | 6 | 1 Screw prominence, 1 non compliance |
| Badia et al. [1] | 2004 | - | 16 | K-wire fixation extension block | - | 2 | 0 |
| Rocchi et al. [48] | 2006 | - | 48 | K-wire percutaneous «umbrella handle» like | E11, G35, F2 | 5,1 | 1 Pin tract infection |
| Teoh and Lee [54] | 2007 | - | 9 | Hook plate fixation | E4, G5 | 0 | Dorsal soft-tissue swelling over the dip joint |
| Lee et al. [46] | 2009 | - | 32 | K-wire percutaneous (double dorsal K-wires) | E69, G25, F6 | 0,9 | 1 Superficial infection, 2 Nail deformities, 3 nail ridgings |
| Zhang et al. [64] | 2010 | - | 65 | Trans DIP K-wire+pull out | E52, G8, F4, P1 | 7 | 1 Pain |
| Phadnis et al. [65] | 2010 | - | 20 | Trans DIP K-wire+ORIF with K-wire | E6, G10, F3, P1 | 1,25 | 1 Infection |
| O'Brien and Bailey [42] | 2011 | II | 64 | Splint | E64, G18, F16, P2 | 4,4 | 23.8% (inflammation, pain, superficial infection) |
| Tung et al. [66] | 2012 | - | 13 | Tenodesis | E7, G5 | 0 | |
| Chung and Lee [38] | 2012 | - | 14 | Trans DIP K-wire+percutaneous K-wire | E9, G5 | 1,8 | 1 Pin track infection |
| Kang and Lee [67] | 2012 | - | 16 | Trans DIP K-wire+ORIF with K-wire | E11, G3, F2 | 2,5 | 3 Nail deformity, 1 flexion loss 5° |
| Tocco et al. [68] | 2013 | I | 57 | Splint+cast | - | 5 | 31.2% Swan ne |
| Lu et al. [45] | 2013 | IV | 10 | Trans DIP K-wire+pull-in suture | E2, G7, F1 | 0 | 0 |
| Miura [52] | 2013 | - | 12 | K-wire+mini-external fixator | E10, G2 | 2 | 0 |
| Kakinoki et al. [53] | 2013 | - | 13 | Tension band fixation | - | 0 | 1 Osteophyte, 1 joint stiffness |
| Devan [40] | 2014 | IV | 15 | Splint+elastic tape | - | 1,9 | 11% |
| Shimura et al. [50] | 2014 | - | 20 | Percutaneous screw fixation | E7, G9, F4 | 6,5 | 1 Dorsal ridging, 1 nail bump |
| Miranda et al. [51] | 2015 | - | 12 | Blunt needle reduction | - | 4,6 | 1 Nail bump, 1 displacement |
| Acar et al. [55] | 2015 | IV | 19 | Ishiguro & hook plate | E10, G9 | 3,9 | 5.2% Nail deformity, 10.4% dorsal prominence |
EGFP, E (excellent); G (good); F (fair); P (poor); DIP, distal interphalangeal; ORIF, open reduction and internal fixation.