FIG 4.

Effects of heat treatment at 80 and 100°C on the receptor binding abilities of HuNoV VLPs. Heat-treated or untreated VLPs were either loaded directly onto the gel (Input) or were first subjected to the PGM-MBs binding assay. Beads and bound VLPs (Bound) were then loaded directly onto the gel, as was the portion of the heat-treated or untreated VLPs that did not bind to the PGM-MBs (Unbound). VP1, human NoV VP1 protein; cVP1, the cleaved form of VP1. (A) Purified VLPs treated at 80°C for 10 or 30 s. (B) VLPs treated at 80°C for 1 or 5 min. (C) Purified VLPs treated at 100°C for 5 s. (D) VLP binding to PGM-MBs after heat treatment, expressed as a percentage of the level of binding of the untreated control.